Abstract
Planar structures for halide perovskite solar cells have recently garnered attention, due to their simple and low-temperature device fabrication processing. Unfortunately, planar structures typically show I–V hysteresis and lower stable device efficiency compared with mesoporous structures, especially for TiO2-based n-i-p devices. SnO2, which has a deeper conduction band and higher electron mobility compared with traditional TiO2, could enhance charge transfer from perovskite to electron transport layers, and reduce charge accumulation at the interface. Here we report low-temperature solution-processed SnO2 nanoparticles as an efficient electron transport layer for perovskite solar cells. Our SnO2-based devices are almost free of hysteresis, which we propose is due to the enhancement of electron extraction. By introducing a PbI2 passivation phase in the perovskite layer, we obtain a 19.9 ± 0.6% certified efficiency. The devices can be easily processed under low temperature (150 ∘C), offering an efficient method for the large-scale production of perovskite solar cells.
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Change history
14 July 2017
In the PDF version of this article previously published, the year of publication provided in the footer of each page and in the 'How to cite' section was erroneously given as 2017, it should have been 2016. This error has now been corrected. The HTML version of the article was not affected.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by National 1000 Young Talents awards, National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0700700) and Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Grant No. Z151100003515004), and also by National Science Foundation (NSF, 61574133). The authors would like to thank Yang (Michael) Yang from Zhejiang University for help with transit photocurrent and photovoltage measurements.
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J.Y. conceived the idea and designed the experiments. Q.J. performed and was involved in all the experimental parts. H.W. carried out TEM measurements, L.Z., X.Y., J.M., H.L., Z.Y. and J.W. contributed materials and analysis tools. Q.J., J.Y. and X.Z. co-wrote the paper. J.Y. and X.Z. directed and supervised this project. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.
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Jiang, Q., Zhang, L., Wang, H. et al. Enhanced electron extraction using SnO2 for high-efficiency planar-structure HC(NH2)2PbI3-based perovskite solar cells. Nat Energy 2, 16177 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.177
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.177
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