Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Commentary
  • Published:

Cell biology in the Antarctic: studying life in the freezer

Abstract

Many classical biologists working in Antarctica have 'gone molecular' to study the physiological basis for life on or below the ice. Investigating the remarkable adaptations of specific cells, organelles and molecules to this extreme environment can provide new perspectives on the processes studied in conventional experimental organisms.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Relevant articles

Open Access articles citing this article.

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1: McMurdo Station on Hut Point, Ross Island.
Figure 2: Experimental organisms.

References

  1. Baker, D., Hicke, L., Rexach, M., Schleyer, M. & Schekman, R. Cell 54, 335–344 (1988).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Russell, N. J. Extremophiles 4, 83–90 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Gianese, G., Argos, P. & Pascarella, S. Protein Eng. 14, 141–148 (2001).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Fields, P. A. & Somero, G. N. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 11476–11481 (1998).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Cheng, C. H. Curr. Opin Genet. Dev. 8, 715–720 (1998).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. deVries, A. L. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B 90, 611–621 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Harding, M. M., Ward, L. G. & Haymet, A. D. Eur. J. Biochem. 264, 653–665 (1999).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen, L., DeVries, A. L. & Cheng, C. H. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 3811–3816 (1997).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Chen, L., DeVries, A. L. & Cheng, C. H. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 3817–3822 (1997).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Verdier, J. M., Ewart, K. V., Griffith, M. & Hew, C. L. Eur. J. Biochem. 241, 740–743 (1996).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Graether, S. P. et al. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 11842–11847 (1999).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Antson, A. A. et al. J. Mol. Biol. 305, 875–889 (2001).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Leinala, E. K., Davies, P. L. & Jia, Z. Structure 10, 619–627 (2002).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Wu, Y. & Fletcher, G. L. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1524, 11–16 (2001).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Tomczak, M. M. et al. Biophys. J. 82, 874–881 (2002).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Hunt, B. M., Hoefling, K. & Cheng, C. H. Antarctic Sci. (in the press).

  17. Hofmann, G. E., Buckley, B. A., Airaksinen, S., Keen, J. E. & Somero, G. N. J. Exp Biol. 203, 2331–2339 (2000).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Rudiger, S., Buchberger, A. & Bukß, B. Nature Struct. Biol. 4, 342–349 (1997).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Somero, G. N. & deVries, A. L. Science 156, 257–258 (1967).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Eastman, J. T. in Antarctic Fish Biology, 220–243 (Academic Press, San Diego, 1993).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  21. Hemmingsen, E. A. in Biology of Antarctic Fish (eds di Prisco, G., Maresca, B. & Tota, B.) 101–203 (Springer, Berlin, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Egginton, S., Skilbeck, C., Hoofd, L., Calvo, J. & Johnston, I. A. J. Exp. Biol. 205, 769–779 (2002).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Bargelloni, L., Marcato, S. & Patarnello, T. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 8670–8675 (1998).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Portner, H. O. J. Exp. Biol. 205, 2217–2230 (2002).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ruud, J. T. Nature 173, 848 (1954).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Cocca, E. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1817–1821 (1995).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Johnston, I. I., Calvo, J. & Guderley, Y. H. J. Exp. Biol. 201, 1–12 (1998).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. O'Brien, K. M. & Sidell, B. D. J. Exp. Biol. 203, 1287–1297 (2000).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Chapelle, G. & Peck, L. S. Nature 399, 114–115 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Dudley, R. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 62, 135–155 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Macdonald, J. A., Montgomery, J. C. & Wells, R. M. G. Adv. Marine Biol. 24, 321–388 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Carpenter, E. J., Lin, S. & Capone, D. G. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 4514–4517 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Arnold, F. H., Wintrode, P. L., Miyazaki, K. & Gershenson, A. Trends Biochem. Sci. 26, 100–106 (2001).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Schroder Leiros, H. K., Willassen, N. P. & Smalas, A. O. Eur. J. Biochem. 267, 1039–1049 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Petrescu, I. et al. Extremophiles 4, 137–144 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Detrich, H. W. 3rd, Parker, S. K., Williams, R. C. Jr., Nogales, E. & Downing, K. H. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 37038–37047 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Carminati, J. L. & Stearns, T. J. Cell Biol. 138, 629–641 (1997).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Marsh, A. G., Maxson, R. E. Jr. & Manahan, D. T. Science 291, 1950–1952 (2001).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank S. Munro, G. Schiavo, D. Ng, N. Collie, J.-C. Roeper, J. Young, J. Rosenthal and M. Gebhardt for critically reading the manuscript, and A. Stuart and M. Lindsay for the electron micrograph. K.R. was funded by a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellowship (042216). Work in T.M.'s lab was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. We thank the National Science Foundation and British Antarctic Survey for supporting our research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Römisch, K., Matheson, T. Cell biology in the Antarctic: studying life in the freezer. Nat Cell Biol 5, 3–6 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0103-3

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0103-3

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing