Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Research
  • Published:

Single–Step Recovery of a Secreted Recombinant Protein by Expanded Bed Adsorption

Abstract

We have used an expanded bed adsorption procedure for efficient recovery of a recombinant fusion protein, directly from a crude fermentor broth without prior cell removal. The fusion protein was designed to have a relatively low isoelectric point (pI) to allow anionic exchange adsorption at pH 5.5 where most Escherichia coli host proteins are not adsorbed. The gene product was secreted to the culture medium of the E. coli host cells in high yields (550 mg/l). The separation of cells and the concentration and recovery of the fusion protein could therefore be achieved by a single unit operation. The yield after the expanded bed adsorption exceeded 90 percent. Furthermore, the significant volume reduction by the expanded bed adsorption, enabled efficient and straight–forward polishing of the product by a subsequent affinity chromatography step, for removal of contaminating DNA and pyrogenic compounds to levels acceptable for regulatory authorities. An overall yield exceeding 90 percent was maintained after the affinity chromatography polishing step. The procedure outlined here is suitable for large–scale bioprocesses and allows efficient removal of cells, host proteins, contaminating DNA and endotoxins.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Datar, R.V.,, Cartwright, T. and Rosen, C.-G. 1993. Process economics of animal cell and bacterial fermentations: a case study analysis of tissue plasminogen activator. Bio/Technol. 11: 349–357

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Shuster, J.R. 1991. Gene expression in yeast: protein secretion. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2: 685–690

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kumar, V., Ramakrishnan, S., Teeri, T.T., Knowles, J.K.C. and Hartley, B.S. 1992. Saccaromyces cerevisiae cells secreting an Aspergillus niger β-galactosidase grown on whey permeate. Bio/Technology 10: 82–85

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Abrahmsén, L., Moks, T., Nilsson, B. and Uhlén, M. 1986. Secretion of heterologous gene products to the culture medium of Escherichia coli. Nucl. Acids Res. 14: 7487–7500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Suominen, I., Karp, M., Lähde, M., Kopio, A., Glumoff, T., Meyer, P. and Mäntsälä, P. 1987. Extracellular production of cloned α-amylase by Escherichia coli. Gene 61: 165–176.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Moks, T., Abrahmsén, L., Österlöf, B., Josephson, S., Östling, M., Enfors, S.-O., Persson, I., Nilsson, B. and Uhlén, M. 1987. Large-scale affinity purification of human insulin-like growth factor I from culture medium of Escherichia coli. Bio/Technology 5: 379–382.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kitai, K., Kudo, T., Nakamura, S., Masegi, T., Ichikawa, Y. and Horikoshi, K. 1988. Extracellular production of human immunoglobulin G Fc region (hIgG-Fc) by Escherichia coli. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 28: 52–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Obukowicz, M.G., Turner, M.A., Wong, E.Y. and Tacon, W.C. 1988. Secretion and export of IGF-1 in Escherichia coli strain JM101. Mol. Gen. Genet. 215: 19–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Thomas, W.D. Jr., Wagner, S.P. and Welch, R.A. 1992. A heterologous membrane protein domain fused to the C-terminal domain of HlyB can export Escherichia coli hemolysin. J. Bacteriol. 174: 771–779.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Nilsson, B., Abrahmsén, L. and Uhlén, M. 1985. Immobilization and purification of enzymes with staphylococcal protein A gene fusion vectors. EMBO J. 4: 1075–1080.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ward, E.S., Güssow, D., Griffiths, A.D., Jones, P.T. and Winter, G. 1989. Binding activities of a repertoire of single immunoglobulin variable domains secreted from Escherichia coli. Nature 341: 544–546.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Carter, P., Kelley, R.F., Rodrigues, M.L., Snedecor, B., Covarrubias, M., Velligan, M.D., Wong, W.L.T., Rowland, A.M., Kotts, C.E., Carver, M.E., Yang, M., Bourell, J.H., Shepard, H.M. and Henner, D. 1992. High level Escherichia coli expression and production of a bivalent humanized antibody fragment. Bio/Technology 10: 163–167.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Draeger, N.M. and Chase, H.A. 1991. Liquid fluidized bed adsorption of protein in the presence of cells. Bioseparation 2: 67–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Chase, H.A. and Draeger, N.M. 1992. Affinity purification of proteins using expanded beds. J. Chromatogr. 597: 129–145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Terranova, B.E. and Burns, M.A. 1991. Continous cell suspension processing using magnetically stabilized fluidized beds. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 37: 110–120.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Buijs, A. and Wesselingh, J.A. 1980. Batch fluidized ion-exchange column for streams containing suspended particles. J. Chromatogr. 201: 319–327.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Nilsson, B., Moks, T., Jansson, B., Abrahmsén, L., Elmblad, A., Holmgren, E., Henrichson, C., Jones, T.A. and Uhlén, M. 1987. A synthetic IgG-binding domain based on staphylococcal protein A. Protein Engineering 1: 107–113.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Sjölander, A., Hansson, M., Lövgren, K., Wåhlin, B., Berzins, K. and Perlmann, P. 1993. Immunogenicity in rabbits and monkeys of influenza ISCOMs conjugated with repeated sequences of the Plasmodium falciparum antigen Pfl55/RESA. Parasite Immunol. 15: 355–359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Favaloro, J.M., Coppel, R.L., Corcoran, L.M., Foote, S.J., Brown, G.V., Anders, R.F. and Kemp, D.J. 1986. Structure of the RESA gene of Plasmodium falcipanm. Nucl. Acids Res. 14: 8265–8277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Sjölander, A., Ståhl, S. and Perlmann, P. 1993. Bacterial expression systems based on protein A and protein G designed for the production of immunogens: applications to Plasmodium falciparum malaria antigens. Immunomethods 2: 79–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Uhlén, M. and Moks, T. 1990. Gene fusions for purpose of expression: an introduction. Methods Enzymol. 185: 129–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ståhl, S., Sjölander, A., Nygren, P.-Å., Berzins, K., Perlmann, P. and Uhlén, M. 1989. A dual expression system for the generation, analysis and purification of antibodies to a repeated sequence of the Plasmodium falciparum malaria antigen Pfl155/RESA J. Immunol. Meth. 124: 43–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ståhl, S., Sjölander, A., Hansson, M., Nygren, P.-Å. and Uhlén, M. 1990. A general strategy for polymerization, assembly and expression of epitope-carrying peptides applied to the Plasmodium falciparum malaria antigen Pfl55/ RESA. Gene 89: 187–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sjölander, A., Lövgren, K., Ståhl, S., Åslund, L., Hansson, M., Nygren, P.-A., Larsson, M., Hagstedt, M., Wåhlin, B., Berzins, K., Uhlén, M., Morein, B. and Perlmann, P. 1991. High antibody responses in rabbits immunized with influenza virus ISCOMs containing a repeated sequence of the Plasmodium falciparum malaria antigen Pfl55/RESA. Vaccine 9: 443–450.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Maurer, R., Meyer, B.J. and Ptashne, M. 1980. Gene regulation at the right operator (OR) of bacteriophage λ I OR3 and autogenous negative control by represser. J. Mol. Biol. 139 147–161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Köhler, K., Ljungquist, C., Kondo, A., Veide, A. and Nilsson, B. 1991. Engineering proteins to enhance their partition coefficients in aqueous two-phase systems. Bio/Technology 9: 642–646.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kung, V.T., Panfili, P.R., Sheldon, E.L., King, R.S., Nagainis, P.A., Gomez, B. Jr., Ross, D.A., Briggs, J. and Zuk, R.F. 1990. Picogram quantitation of total DNA using DNA-binding proteins in a silicon sensor-based system. Anal. Biochem. 187: 220–227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Bacterial endotoxins test, 85, United States Pharmacopeia XXII.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hansson, M., Ståhl, S., Hjorth, R. et al. Single–Step Recovery of a Secreted Recombinant Protein by Expanded Bed Adsorption. Nat Biotechnol 12, 285–288 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0394-285

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0394-285

This article is cited by

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing