Article PDF
References
Danesh J, Collins R, Appleby P, Peto R : Association of fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, albumin, or leukocyte count with coronary heart disease: meta-analyses of prospective studies. JAMA 1998; 279: 1477–1482.
Lee CD, Folsom AR, Nieto FJ, Chambless LE, Shahar E, Wolfe DA : White blood cell count and incidence of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke and mortality from cardiovascular disease in African-American and White men and women: atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Epidemiol 2001; 154: 758–764.
Margolis KL, Manson JE, Greenland P, et al, Women's Health Initiative Research Group: Leukocyte count as a predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 500–508.
Gillum RF, Ingram DD, Makuc DM : White blood cell count and stroke incidence and death. The NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 139: 894–902.
Friedman GD, Selby JV, Quesenberry CP Jr : The leukocyte count: a predictor of hypertension. J Clin Epidemiol 1990; 43: 907–911.
Gillum RF, Mussolino ME : White blood cell count and hypertension incidence. The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. J Clin Epidemiol 1994; 47: 911–919.
Shankar A, Klein BE, Klein R : Relationship between white blood cell count and incident hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2004; 17: 233–239.
Zalokar JB : Leukocyte count, smoking, and myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1981; 304: 465–468.
Imano H, Sato S, Kitamura A, et al: Leukocyte count is an independent predictor for risk of acute myocardial infarction in middle-aged Japanese men. Atherosclerosis 2007; 195: 147–152.
Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, et al: White blood cell count and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in nationwide sample of Japanese—results from the NIPPON DATA90. Circ J 2007; 71: 479–485.
Nakanishi N, Sato M, Shirai K, Suzuki K, Tatara K : White blood cell count as a risk factor for hypertension; a study of Japanese male office workers. J Hypertens 2002; 20: 851–857.
Jee SH, Park JY, Kim HS, Lee TY, Samet JM : White blood cell count and risk for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in a cohort of Koreans. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162: 1062–1069.
Tatsukawa Y, Hsu WL, Yamada M, et al: White blood cell count, especially neutrophil count, as a predictor of hypertension in a Japanese population. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1391–1397.
Watanabe M, Barzi F, Neal B, et al: Alcohol consumption and the risk of diabetes by body mass index levels in a cohort of 5,636 Japanese. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2002; 57: 191–197.
MacMahon S, Peto R, Cutler J, et al: Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 1, Prolonged differences in blood pressure: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet 1990; 335 ( 8692): 765–774.
Horne BD, Anderson JL, John JM, et al: Which white blood cell subtypes predict increased cardiovascular risk? J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1638–1643.
Mügge A, Lopez JA : Do leukocytes have a role in hypertension? Hypertension 1991; 17: 331–333.
Griendling KK, FitzGerald GA : Oxidative stress and cardiovascular injury: Part II: animal and human studies. Circulation 2003; 108: 2034–2040.
Dinerman JL, Mehta JL : Endothelial, platelet and leukocyte interactions in ischemic heart disease: insights into potential mechanisms and their clinical relevance. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 16: 207–222.
Okamura T, Hayakawa T, Hozawa A, et al: Lower levels of serum albumin and total cholesterol associated with decline in activities of daily living and excess mortality in a 12-year cohort study of elderly Japanese. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56: 529–535.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Okamura, T., Watanabe, M. The Relationship between White Blood Cell Count and Risk of Hypertension in Populations with High Prevalence of Smoking. Hypertens Res 31, 1279–1281 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1291/hypres.31.1279
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1291/hypres.31.1279