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Nolan A, Baillie C et al. J Oral Pathol Med 2006; 35: 461–465

Recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU), when unrelated to systemic conditions, may cause significant discomfort. In a UK dental hospital, 120 patients presenting with discomfort from RAU were randomised to HA or placebo gel for its relief. Up to 4 hrs after initial gel application by a clinician, levels of discomfort were recorded, and patients were given a diary to keep for 7 days, and a supply of the appropriate gel.

A significant reduction in soreness was shown in both active and placebo groups, lasting about 30 minutes before gradual return of discomfort, but there was no difference between treatments. A significant reduction in ulcers was noted in both groups after application, and there was a difference in favour of the active gel 4 days after. The authors consider the reductions in discomfort to be a barrier effect irrespective of HA, but conclude that this substance may have a clinical advantage of reducing the number of ulcers.