Abstract
The purpose of this study is to detect the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and also to investigate possible risk factors that may cause sexual dysfunction in Turkish men. We developed a Web-based survey. In total, 3185 invitations to complete the survey were e-mailed and 2288 individuals submitted responses (72%). The men were interviewed in person, using the Florida Sexual History Questionnaire (FSHQ) Turkish version, and sexual dysfunction was assessed by this questionnaire. male sexual dysfunction (MSD) was evaluated with FSHQ. According to the FSHQ Turkish version, sexual function domains included sexual desire, sexual development, intercourse, erection, ejaculation, and satisfaction. According to the FSHQ score, 43.3% reported on MSD (FSHQ score⩽95). The prevalence of MSD was 56% in the ages of 15–24 y, 35% in 25–34 y, 26% in 35–44 y, 40% in the ages of 45–54 y, and 72% in the ages of 55–60 y. MSD was detected as a desire problem in 7.3%, sexual development problem in 54.7%, intercourse problem in 50.3%, arousal/erectile problem in 59.7%, orgasm/ejaculation problem in 52.7%, and satisfaction problem in 59.7%. The age-adjusted risk of developing MSD was higher for men with smoking, lower education, and chronic medical diseases. In conclusion, the prevalence of MSD is 43.3% in Turkish men. The most important risk factor for MSD is smoking. In addition, the presence of younger and older age, chronic medical diseases, and lower educational level are important risk factors that may cause MSD.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 8 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $32.38 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kandeell FR, Koussa VKT, Swerdloff RS . Male sexual function and its disorders: physiology, pathophysiology, clinical investigation, and treatment. Endocr Rev 2001; 22: 342–388.
Segraves RT, Schoenberg HW . Diagnosis and treatment of erectile problems: current status. In: Segraves RW, Schoenberg HW (eds). Diagnosis and Treatment of Erectile Disturbances: a Guide for Clinicians. Plenum Medical Book Co.: New York, 1985; 1–21.
Lukacs B . Assessment of male sexual function. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2001; 4 (S1): S7–S11.
Bancroft J . Human sexuality and its problems. 3rd edn. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh, 1998; 360–411.
Wincze JP, Carey MP . Sexual dysfunction: a Guide for Assessment and Treatment, 2nd edn. The Guilford Press: New York, 2001; 69–115.
De Silva P . Sexual dysfunction: Investigation. In: Lindsay SJE, Powell GE (eds). The handbook of clinical adult psychology 2nd edn. Routledge: London, 1994; 199–212.
Manjula M et al. Sexual dysfunction in single males: a perspective from India. J Clin Psychol 2003; 59: 701–713.
Hawton K . Sexual dysfunctions. In: Hawton K, Salkovskis PM, Kirk J, Clark DM (eds). Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Psychiatric Problems: A Practical Guide. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1989; 370–405.
Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC . Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. JAMA 1999; 281: 537–544.
Araujo AB et al. The relationship between depressive symptoms and male erectile dysfunction: cross-sectional results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. Psychosom Med 1998; 60: 458–465.
Rust J, Golombok S, Collier J . Marital problems and sexual dysfunction: how are they related? Br J Psychiatry 1988; 152: 629–631.
Araujo AB, Mohr BA, McKinlay JB . Changes in sexual function in middle-aged and older men: longitudinal data from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004; 52: 1502–1509.
Morokoff PJ, Baum A, McKinnon WR, Gillilland R . Effects of chronic unemployment and acute psychological stress on sexual arousal in men. Health Psychol 1987; 6: 545–560.
McCabe MP, Cobain MJ . The impact of individual and relationship factors on sexual dysfunction among males and females. J Sex Marital Ther 1998; 13: 131–143.
Barlow DH . Causes of sexual dysfunction: the role of anxiety and cognitive interference. J Consult Clin Psychol 1986; 54: 140–148.
Meisler AW, Carey MP . Depressed affect and male sexual arousal. Arch Sex Behav 1991; 20: 541–554.
Sullivan ME, Keoghane SR, Miller MA . Vascular risk factors and erectile dysfunction. BJU Int 2001; 87: 838–845.
Greenstein A et al. Does severity of ischemic coronary disease correlate with erectile function? Int J Impot Res 1997; 9: 123–126.
Levine LA, Kloner RA . Importance of asking questions about erectile dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 2000; 86: 1210–1213.
Morley JE et al. Relationship of penile brachial pressure index to myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents in older men. Am J Med 1988; 84: 445–448.
Feldman HA et al. Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Urol 1994; 151: 54–61.
Minhas S, Eardley I . Diabetic impotence. In: Carson C, Kirby R, Goldstein I (eds). Textbook of Erectile Dysfunction. Isis Medical Media Ltd: Oxford, 1999; 541–550.
Buvat J, Lemaire A . Endocrine screening in 1022 men with erectile dysfunction: clinical significance and cost-effective strategy. J Urol 1997; 158: 1764–1767.
AACE Male Sexual Dysfunction Task Force. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for the evaluation and treatment of male sexual dysfunction: a couple's problem—2003 update. Endocr Pract. 2003; 9: 77–95.
Geisser ME et al. Reliability and validity of the Florida Sexual History Questionnaire. J Clin Psychol 1991; 47: 519–528.
Oksuz E, Malhan S . Reliability and validity of the Florida Sexual History Questionnaire Turkish Version (Article in Turkish). J Med Sci 2005; 25: 204–212.
Nolazco C et al. Prevalence of sexual dysfunctions in Argentina. Int J Impot Res 2004; 16: 69–72.
Shiri R, Koskimaki J et al. Prevalence and severity of erectile dysfunction in 50 to 75-year-old Finnish men. J Urol 2003; 170: 2342–2344.
Rosen RC et al. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF): a Multidimensional Scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction. Urology 1997; 49: 822–830.
Akkus E et al. Prevalence and correlates of erectile dysfunction in Turkey: a population-based study. Eur Urol 2002; 41: 298–304.
Shaeer KZ et al. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its correlates among men attending primary care clinics in three countries: Pakistan, Egypt, and Nigeria. Int J Impot Res 2003; 15 (S1): S8–S14.
Morillo LE, Diaz J et al. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela: a population-based study (DENSA). Int J Impot Res 2002; 14 (S2): S10–S18.
Rhoden EL, Teloken C, Sogari PR, Vargas Souto CA . The use of the simplified International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool to study the prevalence of erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2002; 14: 245–250.
Simons JS, Carey MP . Prevalence of sexual dysfunctions: results from a decade of research. Arch Sex Behav 2001; 30: 177–219.
Sebit MB . Sexual dysfunction in African males in Nairobi, Kenya. East Afr Med J 1995; 72: 631–634.
Rosen RC . Prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction in men and women. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2000; 2: 189–195.
Heiman JR . Sexual dysfunction: overview of prevalence, etiological factors, and treatments. J Sex Res 2002; 39: 73–78.
Najman JM et al. Sexual dysfunction in the Australian population. Aust Fam Physician 2003; 32: 951–954.
Metz ME . Premature ejaculation: a psychophysiological review. J Sex Marital Ther 1997; 23: 3–23.
Laumann EO, Gagnon JH, Michael RT, Michaels S . The Social Organization of Sexuality: Sexual Practices in the United States. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1994, pp 177–219.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oksuz, E., Malhan, S. The prevalence of male sexual dysfunction and potential risk factors in Turkish men: a Web-based survey. Int J Impot Res 17, 539–545 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijir.3901357
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijir.3901357
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Male sexual health predictors during the Covid-19 outbreak: a multicenter study
African Journal of Urology (2022)
-
Sexual dysfunction in men with multiple sclerosis
Systematic Reviews (2021)
-
Evaluation of Sexual Dysfunction in Males with Diabetes
Sexuality and Disability (2015)
-
Clinical factors associated with sexual dysfunction among men in methadone maintenance treatment and buprenorphine maintenance treatment: a meta-analysis study
International Journal of Impotence Research (2014)
-
Sexual dysfunction in type III chronic prostatitis (CP) and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) observed in Turkish patients
International Urology and Nephrology (2011)