Abstract
As a liquid approaches its glass transition temperature Tg, its viscosity increases rapidly. The glass transition can be induced either by lowering the temperature through Tg or by increasing the pressure (and thereby the density) at constant temperature. The effect of temperature on viscosity is well studied, but the density dependence of viscosity close to Tg is less well understood. Here we report measurements of the viscosity of glycerol, one of the most widely studied glass-forming liquids, at pressures of up to 3 GPa using centrifugal-force viscometry in a diamond-anvil cell. We find that free-volume theory1,2, which ascribes an incom-pressible hard-sphere volume to the molecules, provides a good description of the viscosity over the entire pressure range (and by extrapolation, up to the glass transition at ∼5 GPa). We are thus able to predict the effect of pressure on Tg and on the glass fragility (the structural breakdown in the liquid close to the transition).
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Herbst, C., Cook, R. & King Jr, H. High-pressure viscosity of glycerol measured by centrifugal-force viscometry. Nature 361, 518–520 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1038/361518a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/361518a0
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