Abstract
Objective: To compare gastric emptying of a solid and a liquid nutritional rehabilitation food.
Design: Cross-over trial. Eight volunteers took, in random order at least 1 week apart, 2100 kJ of a solid and a liquid nutritional rehabilitation food with added labelled [13C] glycine.
Setting: Research ward for healthy volunteers.
Subjects: Eight healthy volunteers.
Methods: Appearance of 13CO2 was monitored in expired gas every 15 min for 240 min after meal intake and compared between solid and liquid meals. Parameters of gastric emptying were then calculated.
Results: Gastric half-emptying time was slightly longer for solid meal compared to liquid meal (101±6.0 vs 88±9.8 min, P=0.24). 13CO2 excretion peaked 138±5.3 min after the solid meal compared with 119±8.6 min with liquid meal (P=0.06). 13CO2 excretion was higher for the liquid food up to 110 min after the meal but then became higher for the solid food. Analysis of variance for repeated measures of 13CO2 excretion showed a significant interaction term between the type of food and time indicating a delayed elimination of 13CO2 for the solid food (P=0.018).
Conclusions: Attempts to replace liquid nutritional rehabilitation foods by a solid food in malnourished patients should take into account a possible slower gastric emptying.
Sponsorship: Supported by a grant from Nutriset (Malaunay, France) and ANVAR (Agence Nationale de la Valorisation de la Recherche, contract no. A9703021P).
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2001) 55, 769–772
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $21.58 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ashworth A (1974) Ad lib. feeding during recovery from malnutrition Br. J. Nutr. 31 109–112
Ashworth A & Khanum S (1997) Cost-effective treatment for severely malnourished children: what is the best approach? Health Pol. Plann. 12 115–121
Boirie Y, Dangin M, Gachon P, Vasson MP, Maubois JL & Beaufrère B (1997) Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 14930–14935
Briend A, Lacsala R, Prudhon C, Mounier B, Grellety Y & Golden MHN (1999) Ready-to-use therapeutic food for treatment of marasmus Lancet 353 1767–1768
Brooke OG & Wheeler EF (1976) High energy feeding in protein-energy malnutrition Arch. Dis. Child. 51 968–971
Doran S, Jones KL, Andrews JM & Horowitz M (1988) Effects of meal volume and posture on gastric emptying of solids and appetite Am. J. Physiol. 275 R1712–R1718
Franco VH, Collares EF & Troncon LE (1985) Gastric emptying in children. III. Study on marasmic protein-calorie malnutrition. Arq. Gastroenterol. 22 88–92
Guilluy R, Billion-Rey F & Brazier JL (1991) On-line measurements of 13C enrichments in rat breath. Non-invasive method for in vivo study of drug enzymatic induction. J. Chromatogr. 562 341–350
Haycock G, Schwartz G & Wisotsky D (1978) Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height–weight formula validated in infants children and adults J. Pediatr. 93 62–66
Maes BD, Ghoos YF, Geypens BJ, Mys G, Hiele MI, Rutgeerts PJ & Vantrappen G (1994) Combined carbon-13-glycine/carbon-14octanoic acid breath test to monitor gastric emptying rates of liquids and solids J. Nucl. Med. 35 824–831
Marciani L, Gowland PA, Spiller RC, Manoj P, Moore RJ, Young P, Al-Sahab S, Bush D, Wright J & Fillery-Travis AJ (2000) Gastric response to increased meal viscosity assessed by echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging in humans J. Nutr. 130 122–127
Normand S, Pachiaudi C, Khalfallah Y, Guilluy R, Mornex R & Riou JP (1992) 13C appearance in plasma glucose and breath CO2 during feeding with naturally 13C-enriched starchy food in normal humans Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 55 430–435
Peuhkuri K, Vapaatalo H, Nevala R & Korpela R (1999) Influence of the pharmacological modification of gastric emptying on lactose digestion and gastrointestinal symptoms Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 13 81–86
Rigaud D, Bedig G, Merrouche M, Vulpillat M, Bonfils S & Apfelbaum M (1988) Delayed gastric emptying in anorexia nervosa in improved by completion of a renutrition program Dig. Dis. Sci. 33 919–925
Vesa TH, Marteau PR, Briet FB, Flourie B, Briend A & Rambaud JC (1997) Effects of milk viscosity on gastric emptying and lactose intolerance in lactose maldigesters Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66 123–126
Waterlow JC (1961) The rate of recovery of malnourished infants in relation to the calorie and protein levels of the diet J. Trop. Pediatr. 7 16–22
World Health Organization (1999) Management of severe malnutrition a manual for physicians and other senior health workers Geneva: WHO
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Mrs Franchisseur and Mrs Maurel for their help and support during the study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Achour, L., Méance, S. & Briend, A. Comparison of gastric emptying of a solid and a liquid nutritional rehabilitation food. Eur J Clin Nutr 55, 769–772 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601221
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601221
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Higher glucose and insulin responses to a mixed meal are associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy in Indigenous Americans
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (2023)
-
Association of sugar intake from different sources with incident depression in the prospective cohort of UK Biobank participants
European Journal of Nutrition (2022)
-
The need to standardize ad libitum eating protocols in dietary fibre appetite research
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2017)
-
Ultrasonographic gastric emptying in protein energy malnutrition: effect of type of meal and nutritional recovery
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2004)