Abstract
WE have become interested in the relationships existing between some of the older ‘distillation constants’ and the more recent concept of relative volatility (α of Walker, Lewis et al.1). To find the rate of change with composition of total vapour pressure (P) of a binary mixture Rosanoff, Bacon and Schulze2 put forward the ganeral equation (deduced empirically) p1 and p2 were the partial vapour pressures (at a particular temperature) of the components, the molecular fractions of which in the liquid were x and (1 – x). The constant, K, held for all cases and was evaluated as follows: When in a particular case where Raoult's law held, that is, and then whence P1 and P2 were the vapour pressures of the pure components (at the temperature in question). Rosanoff et al.2 evaluated K for a number of pairs of liquids and extended their considerations to obtain liquid–vapour equilibria points from measurements of total vapour pressures, etc.
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References
"Principles of Chemical Engineering" (New York, 1927); 1937.
J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 36, 1993 (1914).
cf. Reilly and Hickinbottom, Sci. Proc. Roy. Dub. Soc., 15, 513 (1919).
cf. also "Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook" (New York, 1934), p. 1154; and Walker et al., op. cit., 2nd ed., 1937, p. 533.
Article on "Distillation", Thorpe's "Dictionary of Applied Chemistry" (London, 1940), vol. 4.
J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 50, 3138 (1928).
"Solubility of Non-Electrolytes" (New York, 1936).
J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 36, 1803 (1914).
"The Distribution of Nicotine between Trichloroethylene and Water" J. Chem. Soc., 275 (1941).
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KELLY, D., MACCÁRTHAIG, D. & REILLY, J. Distillation ‘Constants’. Nature 148, 438–439 (1941). https://doi.org/10.1038/148438b0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/148438b0
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