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Cell type-specific effects of asbestos on intracellular ROS levels, DNA oxidation and G1 cell cycle checkpoint

Oncogene volume 23, pages 8834–8840 (2004)Cite this article

Abstract

Exposure to asbestos fibers increases the risk of development of mesotheliomas and lung carcinomas, but not fibrosarcomas. We present data suggesting that resistance of fibroblasts to asbestos-induced carcinogenesis is likely to be connected with their lower ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to asbestos exposure and stricter control of proliferation of cells bearing asbestos/ROS-induced injuries. In fact, chrysotile (Mg6Si4O10(OH)8) asbestos exposure (5–10 μg/cm2) increased intracellular ROS and 8-oxo-guanine contents in rat pleural mesothelial cells, but not in lung fibroblasts. Simultaneously, moderate dosages of chrysotile and other agents increasing ROS levels (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 and ethyl-methanesulfonate, EMS) inhibited cell cycle progression, in particular G1-to-S transition, in fibroblasts, but not in mesothelial cells. The arrested fibroblasts underwent cell death, while the majority of chrysotile-treated mesothelial cells survived. The differences in cell cycle response to asbestos/ROS-induced injuries correlated with distinct activity of p53-p21Cip1/Waf1 pathway in the two cell types. Chrysotile, H2O2 and EMS caused p53 upregulation in both cell types, but mesothelial cells, unlike fibroblasts, showed no accumulation of p21Cip1/Waf1. Of note, treatment with doxorubicin caused similar p53-dependent p21Cip1/Waf1 upregulation and cell cycle arrest in both cell types. This suggests differential response of fibroblasts and mesothelial cells specifically to asbestos/ROS exposure rather than to all DNA-damaging insults.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the International Research Scholars Program of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (BPK) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (BPK and LNP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Carcinogenesis, Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoye shosse 24, Moscow, 115478, Russia

    Pavel B Kopnin, Irina V Kravchenko, Vladimir A Furalyov, Lev N Pylev & Boris P Kopnin

  2. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia

    Pavel B Kopnin

  3. Moscow Center of Medical Studies, University of Oslo, Moscow, Russia

    Pavel B Kopnin

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  1. Pavel B Kopnin
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  2. Irina V Kravchenko
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  3. Vladimir A Furalyov
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Correspondence to Boris P Kopnin.

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Kopnin, P., Kravchenko, I., Furalyov, V. et al. Cell type-specific effects of asbestos on intracellular ROS levels, DNA oxidation and G1 cell cycle checkpoint. Oncogene 23, 8834–8840 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1208108

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