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Nijmegen breakage syndrome gene, NBS1, and molecular links to factors for genome stability

Oncogene volume 21, pages 8967–8980 (2002)Cite this article

Abstract

DNA double-strand breaks represent the most potentially serious damage to a genome and hence, at least two pathways of DNA repair have evolved; namely, homologous recombination repair and non-homologous end joining. Defects in both rejoining processes result in genomic instability including chromosome rearrangements, LOH and gene mutations, which may lead to development of malignancies. Nijmegen breakage syndrome is a recessive genetic disorder, characterized by elevated sensitivity to ionizing radiation that induces double-strand breaks, and high frequency of malignancies. NBS1, the product of the gene underlying the disease, forms a multimeric complex with hMRE11/hRAD50 nuclease and recruits them to the vicinity of sites of DNA damage by direct binding to phosphorylated histone H2AX. The combination of the highly-conserved NBS1 forkhead associated domain and BRCA1 C-terminus domain has a crucial role for recognition of damaged sites. Thereafter, the NBS1-complex proceeds to rejoin double-strand breaks predominantly by homologous recombination repair in vertebrates. This process collaborates with cell-cycle checkpoints at S and G2 phase to facilitate DNA repair. NBS1 is also associated with telomere maintenance and DNA replication. Based on recent knowledge regarding NBS1, we propose here a two-step binding mechanism for damage recognition by repair proteins, and describe the molecular links to factors for genome stability.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Antonio Antoccia, Asako Nakamura, Kenichi Morishima, Erina Nakanishi, and the members of Radiation Biology Center for critical comments on the manuscript, Yukiko Hayuka for technical contributions, and Keiko Ishibashi for preparation of the manuscript. This work is supported in part by grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, and by Research Grant 01-23303 from the Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund.

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  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310-8512, Ibaraki, Japan

    Hiroshi Tauchi

  2. Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan

    Shinya Matsuura

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Radiology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan

    Junya Kobayashi

  4. Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Shuichi Sakamoto & Kenshi Komatsu

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Tauchi, H., Matsuura, S., Kobayashi, J. et al. Nijmegen breakage syndrome gene, NBS1, and molecular links to factors for genome stability. Oncogene 21, 8967–8980 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206136

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