Abstract
Using a binary adenoviral system, we recently showed that the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter induces tumor-specific Bax gene expression. However, the strong cytotoxicity of Bax and other pro-apoptotic genes to packaging 293 cells has so far hindered construction of the desired single adenoviral vectors expressing toxic genes. We report here the construction of a single bicistronic adenoviral vector for tumor-specific Bax expression. The vector (Ad/gBax) utilizes the Tet-Off system and expresses a GFP/Bax fusion protein for easy detection. The hTERT promoter drives the expression of tTA, a transactivator capable of binding to TRE (tetracycline-responsive element) in the absence of tetracycline, which in turn induces expression of the GFP-Bax gene. The addition of tetracycline in 293 cells blocks the binding of tTA to TRE and substantially inhibits GFP–Bax expression and toxicity, thus allowing the packaging and production of Ad/gBax. Our data show that Ad/gBax could drive the high expression of GFP–Bax in tumor cells but not in normal cells and mouse tissues. Furthermore, the expression of GFP–Bax fusion protein elicited tumor-specific apoptosis in a variety of human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo at a level comparable to that induced by the binary system. Thus, Ad/gBax may become a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancers.
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Abbreviations
- TRAIL:
-
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- GFP:
-
green fluorescent protein
- GT:
-
Gal4/TATA
- GV16:
-
Gal4-VP16 fusion protein
- PGK:
-
3-phosphoglycerate kinase
- PARP:
-
poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
- XTT:
-
2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)-(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide
- TUNEL:
-
TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling
- FACS:
-
fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- MOI:
-
multiplicity/multiplicities of infection
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Acknowledgements
We thank Allan Prejusa and Trupti Mehta for adenovirus propagation and quality control. This work was supported in part by a research project grant from the American Cancer Society (RPG-00-274-01-MGO, to B Fang); an Institutional Start-Up Fund (to B Fang); a grant from an Institutional Development Award from the W.M. Keck Center for Cancer Gene Therapy; and NIH program project grant (CA78778-01A1, to JA Roth), and NIH Lung Cancer SPORE grant (2P50-CA70970-04 to JA Roth), and an NIH Core Grant for Medium and Vectors (CA 16672). J Gu is an M.D. Anderson Odyssey Program Fellow supported by the Theodore N Law Endowment for Scientific Achievement.
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Gu, J., Zhang, L., Huang, X. et al. A novel single tetracycline-regulative adenoviral vector for tumor-specific Bax gene expression and cell killing in vitro and in vivo. Oncogene 21, 4757–4764 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1205582
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1205582
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