Abstract
If “E. H.” will take down a swallow's nest (Hirundo urbica) directly after the young brood has left it, he will find the lining swarming with two species of active insects altogether out of proportion as to size of the swallow on which they are parasitic. At the same time also the nest contains numerous ovate pup as black as jet, evidently the offsprings of the insects which, if kept during the winter following, will develop into wonderfully active wingless imago, which, when liberated, are difficult to capture and kill. These are the gnats, &c., to which “E. H.'s” informant alluded, but they approach in size nearer to sheep lice. Under the microscope they are interesting objects. Circulation can be watched, and in addition to a peculiarly-formed head, pointed rudimentary wings can be seen in shape much like the swallows. It appears to me that swallows do not hatch their parasites on their bodies, but incubate them in the lining of their nests; but a high degree of heat is not necessary to develop the pupa. In my opinion there is no design or intention on the part of the swallow to breed or cultivate parasites for consumption during migration. The life of the parasite depends on the existence of the swallow, and not the swallow upon the parasite. At the present time I have nests in the corners of my windows, and when the migratory season arrives I can safely rely upon a collection of insects and pupa from them which I would gladly send to any of your readers who care to write for them about the middle of autumn.
Article PDF
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
WATTS, W. Swallows. Nature 32, 223 (1885). https://doi.org/10.1038/032223b0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/032223b0
Comments
By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.