Abstract
Aim:
To study the effects of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on the expression of early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1) and NF-κB in the human monocyte THP-1 cell line stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Methods:
The THP-1 cells were incubated with serial doses of 1,8-cineol (1, 10, and 100 mg/L, 30 min) before being stimulated with LPS (1 mg/L, 30 min). The localization of Egr-1 in the THP-1 cells was detected by immunofluorescence and a laser scanning confocal microscope. The expression of Egr-1 in the nuclei and whole cell, and NF-κB in the nuclei, were measured by Western blot analysis.
Results:
When stimulated by LPS, the FITC-labeled Egr-1 was detected mainly in the nuclei. Moreover, the expression of Egr-1 in the whole cell increased markedly compared with the control cells. 1,8-Cineol pretreatment decreased the expression of Egr-1 in both the nuclei and whole cell of the LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, and this effect was concentration-dependent, but there was no reaction on the expression of NF-κB in the nuclei protein in the LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells.
Conclusion:
In a concentration-dependent manner, 1,8-Cineol reduces LPS-induced Egr-1 expression in nuclei and in whole cell of THP-1 cells, but shows no effect on NF-κB expression.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
Juergens UR, Stober M, Vetter H . Inhibition of cytokine production and arachidonic acid metabolism by eucalyptol (1.8-cineole) in human blood monocytes in vitro. Eur J Med Res 1998; 3: 508–10.
Juergens UR, Dethlefsen U, Steinkamp G, Gillissen A, Repges R, Vetter H . Anti-inflammatory activity of 1.8-cineol (eucalyptol) in bronchial asthma: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Respir Med, 2003; 97: 250–6.
Juergens UR, Stober M, Schmidt-Schilling L, Kleuver T, Vetter H . Antiinflammatory effects of eucalyptol (1.8-cineole) in bronchial asthma: inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood monocytes ex vivo. Eur J Med Res 1998; 3: 407–12.
Juergens UR, Engelen T, Racke K, Stober M, Gillissen A, Vetter H . Inhibitory activity of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on cytokine production in cultured human lymphocytes and monocytes. Pulm Pharmacol Ther, 2004; 17: 281–7.
Tsuchiya S, Yamabe M, Yamaguchi Y, Kobayashi Y, Konno T, Tada K . Establishment and characterization of a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP–1). Int J Cancer, 1980; 26: 171–6.
Yoo CG, Lee S, Lee CT, Kim YW, Han SK, Shim YS . Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on endogenous I kappa B kinase activity in lung epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2001; 280: L3–9.
Schreiber E, Matthias P, Muller MM, Schaffner W . Rapid detection of octamer binding proteins with ‘mini-extracts’, prepared from a small number of cells. Nucleic Acid Res, 1989; 17: 6419.
Yin Y, Allen PD, Jia L, Kelsey SM, Newland AC . 8-Cl-adenosine mediated cytotoxicity and sensitization of T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells to TNFalpha-induced apoptosis is via inactivation of NF-kappaB. Leuk Res, 2001; 25: 423–31.
Liu L, Tsai JC, Aird WC . Egr-1 gene is induced by the systemic administration of the vascular endothelial growth factor and the epidermal growth factor. Blood, 2000; 96: 1772–81.
Kamimura M, Viedt C, Dalpke A, Rosenfeld ME, Mackman N, Cohen DM, et al. Interleukin-10 suppresses tissue factor expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages via inhibition of Egr-1 and a serum response element/MEK-ERK1/2 pathway. Circ Res, 2005; 97: 305–13.
Ke J, Gururajan M, Kumar A, Simmons A, Turcios L, Chelvarajan RL, et al. The role of MAP kinases in BCR induced down-regulation of Egr-1 in immature B lymphoma cells. J Biol Chem, 2006; 281: 39 806–18.
Cho SJ, Kang MJ, Homer RJ, Kang HR, Zhang X, Lee PJ, et al. Role of early growth response-1 (Egr-1) in interleukin-13-induced inflammation and remodeling. J Biol Chem, 2006; 281: 8161–8.
Yao PL, Tsai MF, Lin YC, Wang CH, Liao WY, Chen JJ, et al. Global expression profiling of theophylline response genes in macrophages: evidence of airway anti-inflammatory regulation. Respir Res, 2005; 6: 89.
Ye Q, Chen B, Tong Z, Nakamura S, Sarria R, Costabel U, et al. Thalidomide reduces IL-18, IL-8 and TNF-alpha release from alveolar macrophages in interstitial lung disease. Eur Respir J, 2006; 28: 824–31.
Yao J, Mackman N, Edgington TS, Fan ST . Lipopolysaccharide induction of the tumor necrosis factor-α promoter in human monocytic cells: regulation by Egr-1, c-Jun, and NF-κB transcription factors. J Biol Chem, 1997; 272: 17795–801.
Xu Z, Dziarski R, Wang Q, Swartz K, Sakamoto KM, Gupta D . Bacterial peptidoglycan-induced TNF-alpha transcription is mediated through the transcription factors Egr-1, Elk-1, and NF-kappaB. J Immunol, 2001; 167: 6975–82.
Nagel T, Resnick N, Dewey CF Jr, Gimbrone MA Jr . Vascular endothelial cells respond to spatial gradients in fluid shear stress by enhanced activation of transcription factors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 1999; 19: 1825–34.
Emery JG, Ohlstein EH, Jaye M . Therapeutic modulation of transcription factor activity. Trends Pharmacol Sci, 2001; 22: 233–40.
Guha M, O'Connell MA, Pawlinski R, Hollis A, McGovern P, Yan SF, et al. Lipopolysaccharide activation of the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway in human monocytic cells mediates tissue factor and tumor necrosis factor expression by inducing Elk-1 phosphorylation and Egr-1 expression. Blood, 2001; 98: 1429–39.
Jeong J Y, Kim KU, Jue DM . Tosylphenylalanine chloromethyl ketone inhibits TNF-alpha mRNA synthesis in the presence of activated NF-kappa B in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Immunology, 1997; 92: 267–73.
Mackman N . Protease inhibitors block lipopolysaccharide induction of tissue factor gene expression in human monocytic cells by preventing activation of c-Rel/p65 heterodimers. J Biol Chem, 1994; 269: 26 363–7.
Baldwin AS Jr . The NF-κB and I κB proteins: new discoveries and insights. Annu Rev Immunol, 1996; 14: 649–83.
Schwachtgen JL, Houston P, Campbell C, Sukhatm VP, Braddock M . Fluid shear stress activation of egr-1 transcription in cultured human endothelial and epithelial cells is mediated via the extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. J Clin Invest, 1998; 101: 2540–9.
Dieckgraefe BK, Weems DM . Epithelial injury induces egr-1 and fos expression by a pathway involving protein kinase C and ERK. Am J Physiol, 1999; 276: G322–30.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 30670930), and the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No 2004C23011).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, Jy., Wang, Xf., Tang, Fd. et al. Inhibitory effect of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on Egr-1 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 28, 908–912 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00555.x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00555.x
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
1, 8-Cineol Protect Against Influenza-Virus-Induced Pneumonia in Mice
Inflammation (2016)
-
The eucalyptus oil ingredient 1,8-cineol induces oxidative DNA damage
Archives of Toxicology (2015)
-
1,8-Cineol Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Pulmonary Inflammation in Mice
Inflammation (2014)
-
Volatile aroma constituents of gukhwa (Chrysanthemum morifolium R.)
Food Science and Biotechnology (2013)