Abstract
Aim:
To determine whether a low dose of nicotinamide (NA) therapy for pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes, initiated within the first 24 h of diagnosis, prolongs the “honeymoon” period and lowers their insulin requirements.
Methods:
All children (n=66) with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes admitted to Salmaniya Medical Complex between 1998 and 2000, received NA 1-2 mg/kg per day, in addition to sc insulin bid. The patients were followed for 24 months (NA group). Findings in this group were compared with records from a similarly diagnosed control group (n=37), who were admitted to the same hospital between 1995 and 1997 and did not receive NA treatment. The insulin dose per kg bodyweight required at baseline and at 3-monthly intervals up to 2 years after diagnosis was determined.
Results:
At baseline, the two groups did not differ with respect to age, ethnic background, weight, insulin dose per kg bodyweight or glucose levels on admission. However, NA group had lower insulin requirements than control group at each 3-month interval up to 2 years after diagnosis.
Conclusion:
Our study results suggest that even low doses of oral NA given to children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes may reduce insulin requirements and prolong the “honeymoon” period.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
Pozzilli P, Visalli N, Signore A, Baroni MG, Buzzetti R, Cavallo MG, et al. Double-blind trial of nicotinamide in recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1995; 38: 848–52.
Pozzilli P, Browne PD, Kolb H . Meta-analysis of nicotinamide treatment in patients with recent-onset IDDM. The Nicotinamide Trialists. Diabetes Care 1996; 19: 1357–63.
Pozzilli P, Visalli N, Buzzetti R, Cavallo MG, Marietti G, Hawa M, et al. Metabolic and immune parameters at clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes: a population based study. Metabolism 1998; 47: 1205–10.
Lampeter EF, Klinghammer A, Scherbaum WA, Heinze E, Haastert B, Giant G, et al. The Deutsche nicotinamide intervention study: an attempt to prevent type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 1998; 47: 980–4.
Pozzilli P, Maclaren NK . Immunotherapy at clinical diagnosis of insulin dependent diabetes. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1993; 4: 101–5.
Crino A, Schiaffini R, Manfrini S, Visalli N, Anguissola GB, Pitocco D, et al. A randomized trial of nicotinamide and vitamin E in children with recent onset type one diabetes (IMDIAB 1X). Eur J Endocrinol 2004; 150: 719–24.
Pozzilli P, Visalli N, Cavallo MG, Signore A, Baroni MG, Buzzetti R, et al. Vitamin E and nicotinamide have similar effects in maintaining residual beta cell function in recent onset insulin-dependant diabetes (the IMDIAB 1V study). Eur J Endocrinol 1997; 137: 234–9.
Kallamann B, Burkart V, Kroncke KD, Kolb-Baclofen V, Kolb H . Toxicity of chemically generated nitric oxide towards pancreatic islet cell can be prevented by nicotinamide. Life Sci 1992; 51: 671–8.
Vogue P, Vialettes B, Lassman-Vague V, Vallo JJ . Nicotinamide may extend emission phase in insulin dependent diabetes. Lancet 1987; 1: 619–20.
Bowman MA, Leiter EH, Atkinson MA . Prevention of diabetes in the NOD mouse: implications for therapeutic intervention in human disease. Immunol Today 1994; 15: 115–20.
Pozzilli P, Visalli N, Buzzetti R, Baroni MG, Boccuni ML, Fioriti E, et al. Adjuvant therapy in recent onset type 1 diabetes at diagnosis and insulin requirement after 2 years. Diabetes Metab 1995; 21: 47–9.
Vague P, Picq R, Bernal M, Lassmann-Vague V, Vialettes B . Effect of nicotinamide treatment on the residual insulin secretion in type 1 (insulin-dependant) diabetes patients. Diabetologia 1989; 32: 316–21.
European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial (ENDIT): a randomized controlled trial of intervention before the onset of type 1 diabetes. Lancet 2004; 363: 925–31.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kamal, M., Abbasy, Aj., Muslemani, A. et al. Effect of nicotinamide on newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children. Acta Pharmacol Sin 27, 724–727 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00313.x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00313.x
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Vitamin D deficiency and the associated factors in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in southern Iran
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries (2017)
-
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy children
Acta Diabetologica (2009)