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The cell types of the lung enable gas exchange and protect against infection. Our spatial atlas of the human lung and airways revealed 11 new cell types and mapped their anatomical locations. In particular, we defined the gland-associated immune niche (GAIN), which is involved in fighting respiratory infections.
It is well known that dietary composition affects lifespan, but whether the effects of diet are mediated through interactions with genetics is unknown. By careful tracking of genome-wide allele frequency in Drosophila, we identify hundreds of loci that affect longevity only in the context of a high-sugar diet.
CRISPR cell and gene therapy have been designed largely with respect to a single reference human genome. A new study reveals how human genetic diversity could lead to off-target effects and presents a new tool to identify these risks.
We profiled human DNA methylation for 987 GTEx samples across nine tissues and characterized how genetic regulation of the methylome, compared with the transcriptome, contributes to GWAS phenotypes. This resource contributes to our understanding of molecular regulatory mechanisms in human tissues and their effects on complex traits.
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) accumulates in transcribed gene regions (called ‘gene bodies’) and near enhancers, but its biological role has remained mysterious. A new study demonstrates that 5hmC serves to counteract inappropriate, spurious intragenic transcription in airway smooth muscle cells and by doing so, this DNA base functions in the prevention of chronic inflammation in the lung and an asthma-like phenotype.
