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To increase the tumor specificity of engineered T cells, Kloss et al. design an approach that relies on T cell recognition of two, rather than one, antigens.
A library of DNA constructs enables high-throughput, ligation-free production of transcription activator–like effector (TALE) genes for genetic engineering.
Kwong et al. use nanoparticles coated with protease substrates to generate mass-encoded synthetic biomarkers for sensitive detection of fibrosis and cancer in mice.
High-throughput network maps are used to automatically (or semi-automatically) reconstruct an ontology that recapitulates much of the Gene Ontology and finds additional terms and relations.
The Cuffdiff 2 algorithm improves analysis of RNA-Seq data by accounting for sample-to-sample biological variability and the complexity of transcript isoforms.
Petsch et al. apply mRNA vaccination for the first time to infectious disease, demonstrating immunogenicity and/or protective effects against influenza virus in mice, ferrets and pigs.
Lee et al. use neural crest precursor cells derived from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells to screen a small-molecule library for compounds that correct the cellular phenotype of familial dysautonomia.
Martell et al. engineer APEX, a protein tag for electron microscopy that does not require light activation, enabling the imaging of subcellular protein localization in large or thick sections.
To facilitate the conversion of maize into biofuels, Shen et al. equip the plant with a thermoregulated intein-modified xylanase that does not compromise yield and allows cell-wall degradation at high temperatures.
Tan et al. use a multiplex screening method to systematically evaluate ∼500,000 drug pairs assembled from a collection of 1,000 FDA-approved or clinically tested compounds, and identify drugs that synergize to inhibit HIV replication.
Lou et al. find that sequences between promoters and regulated genes in synthetic circuits cause unpredictable gene expression, and they identify and characterize insulator parts that cleave untranslated regions present in circuits to overcome this problem.
Komori et al. show that hepatocytes, pancreatic islets and thymocytes flourish in the mouse lymph node, suggesting that lymph nodes could serve as a transplantation site for cell therapies.
By combining two metabolic labeling techniques, Eichelbaum et al. detect and quantify large numbers of secreted proteins, including low-abundance proteins such as cytokines.