Reaction kinetics and dynamics articles within Nature

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    The use of mega-electronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction combined with resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization yields data that can reveal the formation and subsequent structural relaxation of a molecular ion on an ultrafast timescale.

    • Jun Heo
    • , Doyeong Kim
    •  & Hyotcherl Ihee

  • Article
    | Open Access

    We report a small-organic-molecule oscillator that catalyses an independent chemical reaction in situ without impairing its oscillating properties, allowing the construction of complex systems enhancing applications in automated synthesis and systems and polymerization chemistry.

    • Matthijs ter Harmsel
    • , Oliver R. Maguire
    •  & Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The potential of water-window X-ray absorption spectroscopy for disentangling individual aspects of the respective electronic and structural dynamics in ultrafast non-adiabatic dynamics of molecular systems in a liquid environment is established.

    • Zhong Yin
    • , Yi-Ping Chang
    •  & Hans Jakob Wörner

  • Article |

    Tracking the formation of cubic ice (ice Ic) using transmission electron microscopy and low-dose imaging shows preferential nucleation of ice Ic at low-temperature interfaces and two types of stacking disorder.

    • Xudan Huang
    • , Lifen Wang
    •  & Xuedong Bai

  • Article |

    The proton-transfer tunnelling reaction rate between H2 and D– has been measured as about 1 out of 1011 collisions, making it the slowest rate constant ever measured for an ion–molecule reaction in the gas phase.

    • Robert Wild
    • , Markus Nötzold
    •  & Roland Wester

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Measurements of  isomerization rates  of CO isotopologues on an NaCl surface show a nonmonotonic mass dependence that arises from  resonantly enhanced cross-barrier coupling, or ‘tunnelling gateways’, which  are intrinsic to condensed-phase tunnelling.

    • Arnab Choudhury
    • , Jessalyn A. DeVine
    •  & Alec M. Wodtke

  • Article |

    Femtosecond X-ray liquidography is used to track the vibrational wavepacket trajectories of gold atoms in solution, enabling time-resolved observations of the emergence of vibrations and the evolution of the formation of covalent bonds.

    • Jong Goo Kim
    • , Shunsuke Nozawa
    •  & Hyotcherl Ihee

  • Article |

    A method for the site-selective C–H borylation of arenes and heteroarenes is described, in which BBr3 acts as both a reagent and a catalyst.

    • Jiahang Lv
    • , Xiangyang Chen
    •  & Zhuangzhi Shi

  • Letter |

    Stacking-disordered ice crystallites are shown to have an ice nucleation rate much higher than predicted by classical nucleation theory, which needs to be taken into account in cloud modelling.

    • Laura Lupi
    • , Arpa Hudait
    •  & Valeria Molinero

  • Article |

    An artificial composite of the super-ionic conductor RbAg4I5 and the electronic conductor graphite exhibits extremely fast diffusion of silver ions at the interface between the two materials, generating both silver-excess and silver-deficient sites.

    • Chia-Chin Chen
    • , Lijun Fu
    •  & Joachim Maier

  • Letter |

    Femtosecond resolution X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is shown to track the charge and spin dynamics triggered when an iron coordination complex is excited by light, and establishes the critical role of intermediate spin states in the de-excitation process.

    • Wenkai Zhang
    • , Roberto Alonso-Mori
    •  & Kelly J. Gaffney

  • Letter |

    Here the Kramers diffusion coefficient and free-energy barrier are characterized for the first time through single-molecule fluorescence measurements of the temperature- and viscosity-dependence of the transition path time for protein folding.

    • Hoi Sung Chung
    •  & William A. Eaton

  • Letter |

    The development of table-top femtosecond electron diffraction sources in recent years has opened up a new way to observe atomic motions in crystalline materials undergoing structural changes. Here, the technique is used to study the charge density wave material 1T-TaS2, where a modulation of the electron density is accompanied by a periodic lattice distortion. In this femtosecond electron diffraction experiment, where atomic motions are observed in response to a 140 femtosecond optical pulse, the periodic lattice distortion is found to collapse on an exceptionally fast timescale (about 250 femtoseconds), indicative of an electronically driven process involving a highly cooperative process.

    • Maximilian Eichberger
    • , Hanjo Schäfer
    •  & R. J. Dwayne Miller

  • News & Views |

    The finding that the normal phase of an ultracold gas of fermionic atoms in the strongly interacting regime is close to a Fermi liquid isn't quite what theorists expected for these systems.

    • Yong-il Shin

  • Letter |

    T lymphocytes, which are an integral part of most adaptive immune responses, recognize foreign antigens through the binding of antigenic peptide–major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules on other cells to specific T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs). Using single-molecule microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer, the kinetics of TCR–pMHC binding are now measured in situ, revealing accelerated kinetics and increased affinity when compared with solution measurements.

    • Johannes B. Huppa
    • , Markus Axmann
    •  & Mark M. Davis

  • Letter |

    The primary sequence of a protein defines its free-energy landscape and thus determines the rate constants of folding and unfolding, with theory suggesting that roughness in the energy landscape leads to slower folding. However, obtaining experimental descriptions of this landscape is challenging. Landscape roughness is now shown to be responsible for the slower folding and unfolding times observed in the R16 and R17 domains of α-spectrin relative to the similar R15 domain.

    • Beth G. Wensley
    • , Sarah Batey
    •  & Jane Clarke

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