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Diverse microbial polyphenol transformations in thawing permafrost refute the theory that these compounds stabilize soil carbon across Arctic landscapes.
Hypoxia induces d-serine production by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which inhibits mTORC1 and T-bet expression to restrict downstream CD8+ T cell immune responses and macrophage activation, and inhibit control of tuberculosis in mice.
Characterizing EBV and host gene expression profiles of spontaneous lymphoblastoid cell lines isolated from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with acute or stable disease, as well as healthy donors, suggests antivirals as a potential road to treat MS.
Phylogenetic and functional analyses suggest that viral histones were acquired from early eukaryotes during eukaryogenesis and that nucleosome evolution proceeded through histone repeat intermediates.
Interactions between Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and host cells promote recruitment and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, leading to anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and exacerbated colorectal cancer in mice.
Propionate supplementation alleviates methylmalonyl-CoA deficiency in Mycobacterium tuberculosis to maintain PDIM virulence lipid production and select against the emergence of less virulent PDIM-negative mutants that affect experimental reliability and BCG vaccine efficacy.
Increased relative abundance of oral bacteria in faecal samples can be explained by the marker hypothesis—their relative increase reflects the depletion of other microbiota members—which has implications for patient outcomes and microbiota-directed therapies.
Discovery, biochemical and structural characterization of exoglycosidases from Akkermansia muciniphila reveals combinations that efficiently target extended A and B blood group antigens to produce ABO-universal blood for transfusions.
Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antibody responses in previously exposed South African cohorts reveals that profile features associated with progression to active tuberculosis are affected by age and sex.
IFITM1 can compete with EBV glycoproteins for EphA2 binding and prevent virus entry into epithelial cells, in vitro and in vivo. YTHDF3 suppresses IFITM1 via the degradation-related protein DDX5.
Comparing infection routes and subsequent transmission of MPXV in the multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis) indicates increased susceptibility, shedding and transmission via the genital mucosae.
Antibiotics to treat carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection are an urgent need. The cerastecins are potent, bactericidal and efficacious in animal models of infection, and may enable new treatment modalities targeting LOS transport.
Targeted accurate RNA consensus sequencing enables study of de novo errors caused by RNA-dependent RNA polymerases and provides deeper insights into how SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity emerges.
Nematode signals such as ascarosides are sensed by G protein-coupled receptors of a nematode-trapping fungus, resulting in fungal activation of cAMP–PKA signalling and trap development.
Diet switching from high-fat to standard diet before influenza vaccination affects the metabolic state of T cells, restores their responses and improves vaccine efficacy in mice.