Chromosome banding as revealed by different staining techniques
Different chromosomal staining techniques reveal variations in chromosome structure. Cytogeneticists use these patterns to recognize the differences between chromosomes and enable them to link different disease phenotypes to chromosomal abnormalities. Giemsa banding (a), Q-banding (b), R-banding (c) and C-banding (d) are shown.
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Each chromosome pair viewed in a karyotype appears to have its own distinct "bar code" of bands. What changes do scientists look for in a karyotype when diagnosing diseases and disorders?
