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Article
| Open Access
Enhancing the fairness of AI prediction models by Quasi-Pareto improvement among heterogeneous thyroid nodule population
Artificial Intelligence (AI) models for medical diagnosis often face challenges of generalizability and fairness. Here, the authors show that the Quasi-Pareto Improvement approach is widely applicable to improving AI models among less-prevalent subgroups, promoting equitable healthcare outcomes.
- Siqiong Yao
- , Fang Dai
- & Hui Lu
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Article
| Open Access
A photoacoustic patch for three-dimensional imaging of hemoglobin and core temperature
The authors present a wearable photoacoustic patch, which integrates laser diodes and piezoelectric transducers for three-dimensional imaging of hemoglobin and temperature in deep tissues.
- Xiaoxiang Gao
- , Xiangjun Chen
- & Sheng Xu
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Article
| Open Access
Augmented ultrasonography with implanted CMOS electronic motes
Ultrasound has had tremendous success in medical imaging. Here, Zhang et al demonstrate a batteryless implantable CMOS mote, to further augment the potential of ultrasound, providing additional information via the backscattering of the acoustic waves used in ultrasound imaging.
- Yihan Zhang
- , Prashant Muthuraman
- & Kenneth L. Shepard
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Article
| Open Access
Ensembled deep learning model outperforms human experts in diagnosing biliary atresia from sonographic gallbladder images
It is still challenging to make accurate diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) with sonographic gallbladder images particularly in rural areas without relevant expertise. Here, the authors develop a diagnostic deep learning model which favourable performance in comparison with human experts in multi-center external validation.
- Wenying Zhou
- , Yang Yang
- & Luyao Zhou
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Article
| Open Access
Bedside functional monitoring of the dynamic brain connectivity in human neonates
Monitoring of cerebral function in human neonates remains challenging. Here, the authors propose a bedside monitoring technique using functional ultrasound to identify markers of cerebral activity based on intrinsic functional connectivity for early brain function monitoring.
- Jerome Baranger
- , Charlie Demene
- & Mickael Tanter
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Article
| Open Access
Zika virus infection in pregnant rhesus macaques causes placental dysfunction and immunopathology
Zika virus infection during pregnancy can result in birth defects, but underlying pathogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface is unclear. Here, the authors use non-invasive in vivo imaging of Zika-infected rhesus macaques and show that infection results in abnormal oxygen transport across the placenta.
- Alec J. Hirsch
- , Victoria H. J. Roberts
- & Daniel N. Streblow
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Article
| Open Access
Functional ultrasound imaging of intrinsic connectivity in the living rat brain with high spatiotemporal resolution
Functional connectivity of brain networks is poorly understood, in part, due to limited imaging approaches. Here, the authors use ultrasound imaging to study functional connectivity in the adult rat brain in vivo, allowing for the identification of highly contrasted intrinsic connectivity patterns.
- Bruno-Félix Osmanski
- , Sophie Pezet
- & Mickael Tanter
Flexible large-area ultrasound arrays for medical applications made using embossed polymer structures