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| Open AccessMicroscopic mechanisms of pressure-induced amorphous-amorphous transitions and crystallisation in silicon
The mechanism of amorphous-amorphous transitions is highly debated. Here, the authors use molecular dynamics simulations to reveal transitions via nucleation-growth or spinodal decomposition, resembling a thermodynamic phase transition but influenced by mechanics.
- Zhao Fan
- & Hajime Tanaka
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Article
| Open AccessA retrofit sensing strategy for soft fluidic robots
In existing soft robotic sensing strategies, additional components and design changes are often required to sense the environment. Zou et al. introduce a retrofit self-sensing strategy for soft pneumatic actuators, utilizing internal pressure variations arising from interactions.
- Shibo Zou
- , Sergio Picella
- & Johannes T. B. Overvelde
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Article
| Open AccessUnconventionally fast transport through sliding dynamics of rodlike particles in macromolecular networks
Transport of rodlike particles in macromolecular networks is relevant to various biological processes and technological applications, where thin rods have been mainly in focus. Here the authors investigate diffusion dynamics of thick rods in confinement media of macromolecular networks, and uncover dependence of translational diffusion upon rod length.
- Xuanyu Zhang
- , Xiaobin Dai
- & Li-Tang Yan
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Article
| Open AccessPhotonic Stochastic Emergent Storage for deep classification by scattering-intrinsic patterns
Photonic Stochastic Emergent Storage is a neuromorphic photonic device for image storage and classification based on scattering-intrinsic patterns. Here, the authors show emergent storage employs stochastic prototype scattering-induced light patterns to generate categories corresponding to emergent archetypes.
- Marco Leonetti
- , Giorgio Gosti
- & Giancarlo Ruocco
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Article
| Open AccessSpatiotemporal imaging and shaping of electron wave functions using novel attoclock interferometry
Electrons detached from atoms by photoionization carry valuable information about light-atom interactions. Here, authors propose a novel attoclock interferometry to spatiotemporally shape and image the electron wave function, from which the quantum nature of strong-field ionization is identified.
- Peipei Ge
- , Yankun Dou
- & Yunquan Liu
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Article
| Open AccessVibronic effects on the quantum tunnelling of magnetisation in Kramers single-molecule magnets
Quantum tunnelling of the magnetisation limits the performance of single-molecule magnets at low temperatures. Here, the authors combine ab initio and analytical methods to show that spin-phonon coupling subtly influences tunnelling via polaron formation.
- Andrea Mattioni
- , Jakob K. Staab
- & Nicholas F. Chilton
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Article
| Open AccessTracking a spin-polarized superconducting bound state across a quantum phase transition
The Yu-Shiba-Rusinov state, arising from exchange coupling between a magnetic impurity and a superconductor, undergoes a quantum phase transition at a critical coupling. In a scanning tunnelling microscopy experiment, Karan et al. reveal distinct tunnelling spectra on each side of the transition in a magnetic field, which allows them to distinguish the free spin regime from the screened spin regime.
- Sujoy Karan
- , Haonan Huang
- & Christian R. Ast
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Article
| Open AccessField control of quasiparticle decay in a quantum antiferromagnet
Quasiparticles’ have formed an extremely effective explanation for the charge, spin and lattice excitations of materials, allowing for the otherwise complex response to be explained in terms of a single (quasi)particle with an effective Hamiltonian. Here, Hasegawa et al demonstrate the tuning of magnon quasiparticle decay in the quantum antiferromagnet, RbFeCl3.’
- Shunsuke Hasegawa
- , Hodaka Kikuchi
- & Takatsugu Masuda
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Article
| Open AccessCommensurate and incommensurate 1D interacting quantum systems
The authors demonstrate a method controlling the lattice filling of doped 1D Bose-Hubbard system of Rb atoms composed of chains of 3 to 6 sites in an optical lattice. The control is achieved by changing of the light potential and interaction strength.
- Andrea Di Carli
- , Christopher Parsonage
- & Stefan Kuhr
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Article
| Open AccessDistributed quantum sensing of multiple phases with fewer photons
Enhanced sensitivity is a key parameter in quantum metrology. Here the authors demonstrate a distributed quantum phase sensing method that uses fewer photons than the number of parameters needed, and an enhanced quantum sensitivity is achieved.
- Dong-Hyun Kim
- , Seongjin Hong
- & Hyang-Tag Lim
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Article
| Open AccessTemperature and quantum anharmonic lattice effects on stability and superconductivity in lutetium trihydride
Superconductivity was recently reported experimentally in nitrogen-doped lutetium hydride with Tc = 294 K at 1 GPa. Here, via theoretical calculations taking into account temperature and quantum anharmonic lattice effects, the authors find that room-temperature superconductivity in the suggested parent phase of LuH3 cannot be explained by a conventional electron-phonon mediated pairing mechanism.
- Roman Lucrezi
- , Pedro P. Ferreira
- & Christoph Heil
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Article
| Open AccessField-induced bound-state condensation and spin-nematic phase in SrCu2(BO3)2 revealed by neutron scattering up to 25.9 T
SrCu2(BO3)2 realizes the Shastry-Sutherland model (SSM), a 2D frustrated dimer model. Here, via high-magnetic-field inelastic neutron scattering measurements and matrix-product-state calculations, Fogh et al. find evidence for Bose-Einstein condensation of S = 2 two-triplon bound states, which is a spin-nematic phase.
- Ellen Fogh
- , Mithilesh Nayak
- & Henrik M. Rønnow
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Article
| Open AccessTowards provably efficient quantum algorithms for large-scale machine-learning models
It is still unclear whether and how quantum computing might prove useful in solving known large-scale classical machine learning problems. Here, the authors show that variants of known quantum algorithms for solving differential equations can provide an advantage in solving some instances of stochastic gradient descent dynamics.
- Junyu Liu
- , Minzhao Liu
- & Liang Jiang
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-sided magnetic resonance-based sensor for point-of-care evaluation of muscle
Magnetic resonance imaging is a useful clinical tool, but its widespread use is constrained by size, cost, and time. Here, the authors report the development of a magnetic resonance sensor for the clinical detection of muscle tissue, allowing for new point-of-care quantitative diagnostic measurements
- Sydney E. Sherman
- , Alexa S. Zammit
- & Michael J. Cima
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Article
| Open AccessScalable nano-architecture for stable near-blackbody solar absorption at high temperatures
Nanostructures are generally unstable above 850 °C in air, limiting their use in high-temperature solar thermal applications. Here, a scalable ceramic nano-architecture layer can significantly enhance and stabilise the absorption of an arbitrary solar absorber.
- Yifan Guo
- , Kaoru Tsuda
- & Juan F. Torres
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Article
| Open AccessDrone-based displacement measurement of infrastructures utilizing phase information
Drones are an effective and flexible tool for safety assessment of aging infrastructure, especially in locations with challenging accessibility. Here, authors demonstrate a phase-based sampling moiré technique with a drone for measurement of millimeter-scale infrastructural displacement in bridges.
- Shien Ri
- , Jiaxing Ye
- & Norihiko Ogura
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Article
| Open AccessMagnetosheath jets at Jupiter and across the solar system
Jets have been found in Earth’s magnetosheath for two decades and, more recently, also in Mars. Yet, their universal existence in planetary magnetosheath remains an open question. Here, authors report the presence of anti-sunward and sunward jets at Jupiter and compare them to Earth and Mars.
- Yufei Zhou
- , Savvas Raptis
- & Lan Ma
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Article
| Open AccessSwitchable tribology of ferroelectrics
The interaction of flexoelectric polarization arising from strain gradients with ferroelectricity impacts tribological properties and facilitates fine physical lithography without masks or chemicals, with potential applications in various fields.
- Seongwoo Cho
- , Iaroslav Gaponenko
- & Seungbum Hong
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Article
| Open AccessTunable and parabolic piezoelectricity in hafnia under epitaxial strain
The sign of longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients is typically positive. Here, the authors tune the sign of the linear piezoelectric coefficient of HfO2 from positive to negative via epitaxial strain, finding nonlinear and parabolic piezoelectric behaviors at tensile epitaxial strain.
- Hao Cheng
- , Peijie Jiao
- & Yurong Yang
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Article
| Open AccessTunable quantum interferometer for correlated moiré electrons
Gate-defined superconducting moiré devices offer high tunability for probing the nature of superconducting and correlated insulating states. Here, the authors report the Little–Parks and Aharonov–Bohm effects in a single gate-defined magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene device.
- Shuichi Iwakiri
- , Alexandra Mestre-Torà
- & Klaus Ensslin
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Article
| Open AccessPractical Hamiltonian learning with unitary dynamics and Gibbs states
Efficient characterisation of quantum many-body Hamiltonians has important applications for benchmarking NISQ devices. Here, the authors propose a method employing Chebyshev regression to learn the full Hamiltonian of a quantum system, with a sample complexity that scales efficiently with the system size.
- Andi Gu
- , Lukasz Cincio
- & Patrick J. Coles
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Article
| Open AccessEfficient and robust estimation of many-qubit Hamiltonians
Learning Hamiltonians or Lindbladians of quantum systems from experimental data is important for characterization of interactions and noise processes in quantum devices. Here the authors propose an efficient protocol based on estimating time derivatives using multiple temporal sampling points and robust polynomial interpolation.
- Daniel Stilck França
- , Liubov A. Markovich
- & Johannes Borregaard
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Article
| Open AccessFlow-induced periodic chiral structures in an achiral nematic liquid crystal
Under strong surface or geometric constraints, achiral nematic liquid crystals can form chiral structures. Using pressure driven flow, Zhang et al. show a pathway to mirror symmetry breaking that does not require such constraints and that occurs in nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals.
- Qing Zhang
- , Weiqiang Wang
- & Irmgard Bischofberger
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Article
| Open AccessPhase transitions in 2D multistable mechanical metamaterials via collisions of soliton-like pulses
In high-dimensional multistable mechanical metamaterials, phase transitions can be remotely nucleated and controlled via collisions of nonlinear pulses, potentially bringing new insights for the design of reconfigurable structures.
- Weijian Jiao
- , Hang Shu
- & Jordan R. Raney
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Article
| Open AccessMultiresistance states in ferro- and antiferroelectric trilayer boron nitride
Here, the authors use three-layer boron nitride to construct interfacial ferro- and antiferroelectric tunnel junctions and find that the polarization is flipped in a layer-by-layer way, resulting in multiresistance states.
- Ming Lv
- , Jiulong Wang
- & Jiamin Xue
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Article
| Open AccessResolving electron and hole transport properties in semiconductor materials by constant light-induced magneto transport
Here, the authors introduce a constant light-induced magneto-transport method which seamlessly integrates light, current, and a magnetic field to characterize electron and hole properties across an expansive array of materials.
- Artem Musiienko
- , Fengjiu Yang
- & Antonio Abate
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Article
| Open AccessStalled response near thermal equilibrium in periodically driven systems
Periodically driven quantum systems have been extensively studied but with a predominant focus on long-time dynamics. Here, the authors study short-to-intermediate-time dynamics of an isolated many-body system, showing that its response to driving is supressed for the initial state close to thermal equilibrium.
- Lennart Dabelow
- & Peter Reimann
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Article
| Open AccessSpin relaxation of electron and hole polarons in ambipolar conjugated polymers
Spin and charge dynamics are inevitably linked, the study of the one often illuminating the other. Here, the authors study spin relaxation in ambipolar polymers and, backed by simulations, show how charge dynamics and wavefunction localization together set relaxation times up to room temperature.
- Remington L. Carey
- , Samuele Giannini
- & Henning Sirringhaus
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Article
| Open AccessCreating pairs of exceptional points for arbitrary polarization control: asymmetric vectorial wavefront modulation
The authors report the chiral inversion of exceptional points (EPs) through a structural mirror-symmetric operation, extending the application of EP to any desired polarization states, surpassing the inherent limitation of conventional EP systems.
- Zijin Yang
- , Po-Sheng Huang
- & Qinghua Song
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Article
| Open AccessThermal Hall effects due to topological spin fluctuations in YMnO3
The thermal Hall effect has been reported in several materials, but it is not expected in triangular lattice systems due to chirality cancellation. Kim et al. report the thermal Hall effect attributed to topological spin fluctuations in the supposedly paramagnetic phase of YMnO3 with a trimerized triangular lattice.
- Ha-Leem Kim
- , Takuma Saito
- & Je-Geun Park
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Article
| Open AccessNonlinear transport and radio frequency rectification in BiTeBr at room temperature
The second order nonlinear Hall effect leads to a direct voltage generated from the rectification effect. While this rectification property is appeal for use in devices, most materials exhibiting a second order nonlinear hall effect are constrained to low temperatures. Here, Lu et al demonstrate a second order nonlinear transport behaviour that persists above room temperature in BiTeBr, and construct a prototype rectifier based on this effect.
- Xiu Fang Lu
- , Cheng-Ping Zhang
- & Kian Ping Loh
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Article
| Open AccessRealization of a crosstalk-avoided quantum network node using dual-type qubits of the same ion species
In ion-photon quantum network platforms, usually memory qubits and communication qubits are encoded in ions of different species. Here, instead, the authors show how to realise ion-photon entanglement within the same-species-dual-encoding scheme.
- L. Feng
- , Y.-Y. Huang
- & L.-M. Duan
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Article
| Open AccessQuasi-2D Fermi surface in the anomalous superconductor UTe2
A. G. Eaton et al. directly probe the Fermi surface of the candidate triplet superconductor UTe2 by measuring magnetic quantum oscillations in ultra-pure crystals. By comparison with model calculations, the data are found to be consistent with a Fermi surface that consists of two cylindrical sections of electron and hole-type respectively.
- A. G. Eaton
- , T. I. Weinberger
- & M. Vališka
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Article
| Open AccessElectrical tuning of branched flow of light
Here the authors experimentally realize the electrical tuning of branched flow of light in nematic liquid crystals. The statistical properties and the polarization effect of the branched flow of light in the film are systematically studied adding fundamental insights on branched flow of light.
- Shan-shan Chang
- , Ke-Hui Wu
- & Jin-hui Chen
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Article
| Open AccessDirect laser-written optomechanical membranes in fiber Fabry-Perot cavities
Authors showcase 3D direct laser writing to fabricate optically interfaced mechanical resonators. The membrane-type structures are placed inside fiber Fabry-Perot cavities to realize a miniaturized optical cavity. Further, the optomechanical properties reveal the coupling mechanism and a significant tuning of the mechanical resonator frequency.
- Lukas Tenbrake
- , Alexander Faßbender
- & Hannes Pfeifer
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Article
| Open AccessFrequency-hopping wave engineering with metasurfaces
Metasurfaces show variable scattering with frequency sequence. This frequency-hopping response breaks a conventional linear frequency concept and markedly expands available frequency channels from a linear number to its factorial number.
- Hiroki Takeshita
- , Ashif Aminulloh Fathnan
- & Hiroki Wakatsuchi
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Article
| Open AccessField-induced compensation of magnetic exchange as the possible origin of reentrant superconductivity in UTe2
The superconductor UTe2 exhibits a reentrant superconducting phase at magnetic fields above 40 T for particular field angles. Here, from high-field Hall-effect measurements, T. Helm et al. find evidence for a partial compensation between the applied field and an exchange field, pointing to the Jaccarino-Peter effect as a possible mechanism for the reentrant superconductivity.
- Toni Helm
- , Motoi Kimata
- & Jean-Pascal Brison
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Article
| Open AccessSub-Doppler optical-optical double-resonance spectroscopy using a cavity-enhanced frequency comb probe
Probing molecules in excited vibrational states requires precise methods to extract the spectroscopic parameters. Here the authors demonstrate optical-optical double-resonance spectroscopy of excited-bands of methane using single pass high power continuous wave pump and cavity-enhanced frequency comb probe.
- Vinicius Silva de Oliveira
- , Isak Silander
- & Aleksandra Foltynowicz
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Article
| Open AccessObservation and manipulation of quantum interference in a superconducting Kerr parametric oscillator
D. Iyama et al. study the generation and quantum coherence of Schrödinger cat states in a superconducting Kerr parametric oscillator, a Kerr nonlinear resonator with a two-photon pump. They also manipulate the quantum interference of the cat states by implementing single cat-state gate operations.
- Daisuke Iyama
- , Takahiko Kamiya
- & Jaw-Shen Tsai
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Article
| Open AccessDiscrete symmetries tested at 10−4 precision using linear polarization of photons from positronium annihilations
Positronium decay events can be used to test violation of fundamental symmetries. Here, the authors use events in the J-PET to improve existing limits on P, T and CP invariance in positronium decays, thanks to a method that does not require to measure the positronium spin but determining polarization of the annihilation photons instead.
- Paweł Moskal
- , Eryk Czerwiński
- & Wojciech Wiślicki
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Article
| Open AccessProgrammable high-dimensional Hamiltonian in a photonic waveguide array
Photonic waveguide lattices implementing continuous quantum walks have a wide range of applications yet remain based on static devices. Here, the authors demonstrated a fully programmable waveguide array by implementing various Hamiltonians.
- Yang Yang
- , Robert J. Chapman
- & Alberto Peruzzo
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Article
| Open AccessIsotope engineering for spin defects in van der Waals materials
Isotope engineering can enhance spin coherence of solid-state defects, such as NV centers in diamond but progress for defects in hBN has been limited. Gong et al. report the optimization of isotopes in hBN and demonstrate improved coherence and relaxation times for the negatively charged boron vacancy centers.
- Ruotian Gong
- , Xinyi Du
- & Chong Zu
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Article
| Open AccessExact inversion of partially coherent dynamical electron scattering for picometric structure retrieval
By combining real and diffraction space data recorded in electron microscopes, ptychography retrieves specimen details with super-resolution. Here, the inverse problem is solved in the presence of thermal diffuse scattering and applied to measure ferroelectric displacements with picometer precision.
- Benedikt Diederichs
- , Ziria Herdegen
- & Knut Müller-Caspary
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Article
| Open AccessTowards a transferable fermionic neural wavefunction for molecules
Neural wavefunctions have become a highly accurate approach to solve the Schrödinger equation. Here, the authors propose an approach to optimize for a generalized wavefunction across compounds, which can help developing a foundation wavefunction model.
- Michael Scherbela
- , Leon Gerard
- & Philipp Grohs
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Article
| Open AccessDomiRank Centrality reveals structural fragility of complex networks via node dominance
Identification of nodes that play a crucial role in the complex network functionality is of high relevance for supply, transportation, and epidemic spreading networks. The authors propose a metric to evaluate nodal dominance based on competition dynamics that integrate local and global topological information, revealing fragile structures in complex networks.
- Marcus Engsig
- , Alejandro Tejedor
- & Chaouki Kasmi
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Article
| Open AccessParity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium
M. Valentini et al. study superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) where the weak link of the Josephson junctions is a germanium 2D hole gas. They report signatures of the tunneling of pairs of Cooper pairs. For a particular microwave drive power, they observe a 100% efficient superconducting diode effect.
- Marco Valentini
- , Oliver Sagi
- & Georgios Katsaros
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Article
| Open AccessProbing the critical nucleus size in tetrahydrofuran clathrate hydrate formation using surface-anchored nanoparticles
The critical nucleus, which considered a key step in the formation of clathrate hydrates, has not yet been empirically confirmed. Here, the authors probe the critical nucleus size in clathrate formation of tetrahydrofuran and thus provide mechanistic insights.
- Han Xue
- , Linhai Li
- & Jianjun Wang
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Article
| Open AccessDesign automation of microfluidic single and double emulsion droplets with machine learning
Generating microfluidic droplets with application-specific desired characteristics is hard. Here the authors report fluid-agnostic machine learning models capable of accurately predicting device geometries and flow conditions required to generate stable single and double emulsions.
- Ali Lashkaripour
- , David P. McIntyre
- & Polly M. Fordyce
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Article
| Open AccessColloidal pathways of amorphous calcium carbonate formation lead to distinct water environments and conductivity
The mechanism of calcium carbonate formation has been of interest for decades, but additive-controlled systems are poorly understood. Here the authors show that polycarboxylates facilitate bicarbonate entrapment and thereby inhibit nucleation. Distinct water environments in amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles arise from colloidal formation pathways and lead to mineral conductivity.
- Maxim B. Gindele
- , Sanjay Vinod-Kumar
- & Guinevere Mathies
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