Particle physics articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article |

    In chiral helimagnets, the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction is known to stabilize skyrmions, but the microscopic roots remain enigmatic. Here, Janson et al. apply a multi-scale approach to Cu2OSeO3and show that its skyrmions can be traced back to magnetic tetrahedra of a quantum nature.

    • Oleg Janson
    • , Ioannis Rousochatzakis
    •  & Helge Rosner

  • Review Article |

    Neutrinos are ghost-like particles that interact only very weakly with other particles. As ongoing experiments to measure their properties improve, Ohlsson and Zhou review neutrino mass models and the renormalization group running of neutrino parameters that aim to understand the origin of neutrino mass.

    • Tommy Ohlsson
    •  & Shun Zhou

  • Article |

    Electrons moving in strongly curved paths emit radiation that is used in free-electron laser designs. Here, the authors demonstrate the inverse force principle, where a laser light field is used in a compact experimental design to accelerate electrons to produce high-quality electron beams.

    • J. Duris
    • , P. Musumeci
    •  & V. Yakimenko

  • Article |

    Magnetic reconnection is believed to play a key role in the acceleration and heating of particles in astrophysical plasmas but the details are unclear. Yamada et al. study reconnection in a laboratory plasma, enabling them to determine the exact mechanisms of energy flow from magnetic field to particles.

    • Masaaki Yamada
    • , Jongsoo Yoo
    •  & Clayton E. Myers

  • Article |

    Topological excitations in insulating magnets have recently attracted great interest from a fundamental and applied perspective. Here, Pereiro et al.report on the conditions to generate, stabilize and control skyrmions, even at room temperature, in a kagome magnet.

    • Manuel Pereiro
    • , Dmitry Yudin
    •  & Anders Bergman

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Measuring forces on antimatter is vital to testing our understanding of fundamental physics. Towards this aim, Aghion et al.present a method to measure the deflection of antiprotons based on an atom optical tool, the moiré deflectometer, which could be extended to future antihydrogen gravity measurements.

    • S. Aghion
    • , O. Ahlén
    •  & J. Zmeskal

  • Article |

    High-energy particle colliders are important for finding new particles, but huge volumes of data must be searched through to locate them. Here, the authors show the use of deep-learning methods on benchmark data sets as an approach to improving such new particle searches.

    • P. Baldi
    • , P. Sadowski
    •  & D. Whiteson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Fundamental theories do not predict a difference between the properties of matter and antimatter, but experimental tests of this are still in their infancy. To this end, this study analyses the effects of electric fields on antihydrogen atoms in the ALPHA trap to place a bound on the charge of antihydrogen.

    • C. Amole
    • , M. D. Ashkezari
    •  & A. E. Charman

  • Article |

    Although synchrotron facilities routinely operate in a multi-bunch regime for maximum average brilliance, studies relying on time-of-flight schemes require single-bunch operation. Here, Holldack et al.isolate and apply single bunch X-ray pulses from multibunch radiation using pulse picking by resonant excitation.

    • K. Holldack
    • , R. Ovsyannikov
    •  & A. Föhlisch

  • Article |

    In contrast to real atoms, Bose–Einstein condensation of quasi-particles does not require low temperature, but is obtained via external pumping. Here, the authors show an unexpected transitional dynamics of a Bose–Einstein condensate of magnons due to a nonlinear evaporative supercooling mechanism.

    • Alexander A. Serga
    • , Vasil S. Tiberkevich
    •  & Burkard Hillebrands

  • Article |

    The coupling of particles with physical waves is a generic phenomenon observed in various systems, but its differentiation from quantum effect is still unclear. Perrard et al.address this issue using a bouncing liquid drop confined in a magnetic potential well, where quantized motions are obtained.

    • Stéphane Perrard
    • , Matthieu Labousse
    •  & Yves Couder

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Comparing hydrogen and antihydrogen—its antimatter counterpart—provides important tests of fundamental symmetries in the Standard Model. Kuroda et al. present a source of antihydrogen atoms that may provide high-precision in-flight measurements of their ground-state hyperfine splitting.

    • N. Kuroda
    • , S. Ulmer
    •  & Y. Yamazaki

  • Article |

    Current-induced motion of skyrmions is attracting attention due to its low critical current density, however, its microscopic mechanisms have not been elucidated yet. Using numerical simulations, the authors demonstrate a universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion, independent of disorder or nonadiabatic effects.

    • Junichi Iwasaki
    • , Masahito Mochizuki
    •  & Naoto Nagaosa

  • Article |

    For the ultrasensitive detection of magnetic fields either atomic transitions or superconducting circuits are used. Bal et al. combine such approaches and demonstrate a superconducting device functioning as an artificial atom for magnetic field detection with high sensitivity and spatial resolution.

    • M. Bal
    • , C. Deng
    •  & A. Lupascu

  • Article |

    The degree of polydispersity of colloidal suspensions is known to have consequences for their physical properties. Kuritaet al. present a general method for determining the sizes of individual particles, and thus the polydispersity, using only the coordinates of the centre positions of spherical particles.

    • Rei Kurita
    • , David B. Ruffner
    •  & Eric R. Weeks

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High-intensity laser-plasma ion generation is promising as a compact proton source for applications like ion beam therapy. Using a femtosecond table-top laser system, Zeilet al. show that protons efficiently gain energy in the pre-thermal intra-pulse phase of the generation process.

    • K. Zeil
    • , J. Metzkes
    •  & U. Schramm

  • Article
    | Open Access

    External electric fields have been used to control the motion of small objects through electrostatic repulsion. Here, electric fields are used to polarize conducting objects, triggering their movement by spatially separated electrochemical reactions leading to directionally controlled bubble evolution.

    • Gabriel Loget
    •  & Alexander Kuhn

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

    • G. Aad
    • , B. Abbott
    •  & L. Zwalinski

  • Article |

    Skyrmions are particle-like topological entities in a continuous field that have a role in various condensed matter systems. Here, numerical methods are used to show that a chiral nematic liquid crystal could be used as a model system to facilitate direct structural investigation of Skyrmions.

    • Jun-ichi Fukuda
    •  & Slobodan Žumer

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