Oligodendrocyte articles from across Nature Portfolio

Oligodendrocytes are a type of large glial cell found in the central nervous system. Oligodendrocytes produce the myelin sheath insulating neuronal axons (analogous to Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system), although some oligodendrocytes (called satellite oligodendrocytes) are not involved in myelination.

Latest Research and Reviews

Research | 16 March 2023

Oligodendrocyte death initiates synchronous remyelination to restore cortical myelin patterns in mice

The mechanisms of remyelination are unclear. Here, the authors develop and use two-photon apoptotic targeted ablation and show a form of rapid synchronous remyelination mediated by a distinct subset of OPCs that can occur in adult mice but not in aging.
- Timothy W. Chapman
- , Genaro E. Olveda
- & Robert A. Hill
Nature Neuroscience, 1-15
Research
13 February 2023 | Open Access

Single-cell RNA-sequencing identifies disease-associated oligodendrocytes in male APP NL-G-F and 5XFAD mice

Oligodendrocytes have been increasingly shown to be involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA-sequencing on APP NL-G-F mice and describe a disease-associated oligodendrocyte (DAO) population. They find inhibition of Erk1/2 signaling in DAOs rescues impaired axonal myelination and cognitive decline in an AD mouse model.
- Hanseul Park
- , Byounggook Cho
- & Jongpil Kim
Nature Communications 14, 802
Research
14 December 2022 | Open Access

Microglia regulate central nervous system myelin growth and integrity

Resident microglia in the central nervous system are identified as the specific macrophage population that regulates myelin growth and integrity.
- Niamh B. McNamara
- , David A. D. Munro
- & Veronique E. Miron
Nature 613, 120-129
Research | 01 December 2022

DCC/netrin-1 regulates cell death in oligodendrocytes after brain injury
- Madelen M. Díaz
- , Yanina Tsenkina
- & Daniel J. Liebl
Cell Death & Differentiation 30, 397-406
Research | 16 November 2022

APOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes

APOE4 is associated with widespread gene expression changes across all cell types of the human brain, altered cholesterol homeostasis and transport signalling pathways, and decreased myelination in the brain.
- Joel W. Blanchard
- , Leyla Anne Akay
- & Li-Huei Tsai
Nature 611, 769-779
Research
10 November 2022 | Open Access

Vascular endothelium deploys caveolin-1 to regulate oligodendrogenesis after chronic cerebral ischemia in mice

OPC-vascular coupling contributes to myelin maintenance. Here the authors show Cav-1 stabilizes interactions and mediates OPC maturation in ischemia.
- Ying Zhao
- , Wusheng Zhu
- & Xinfeng Liu
Nature Communications 13, 6813

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News and Comment

News & Views | 19 December 2022

Single-cell nanobody-based profiles of multiple epigenetic modalities and chromatin velocity

Nanobody–Tn5 transposase fusion proteins enable detection of two histone marks and open chromatin regions at the same time, with single-cell resolution.

Nature Biotechnology, 1-2
Research Highlights | 22 November 2022

CD8⁺ T cells in white matter aging
- Caroline Barranco
Nature Aging 2, 1086
News & Views | 30 September 2022

Motor learning revamps the myelin landscape

Learning requires new oligodendrogenesis, but how myelin patterns change during learning is unclear. Bacmeister et al. show that motor learning induces phase-specific changes in myelination on behaviorally activated axons that correlate with motor performance, suggesting myelin remodeling is involved in learning.
- Wendy Xin
- & Jonah R. Chan
Nature Neuroscience 25, 1251-1252
News & Views | 27 June 2022

Changes in the expression profiles of oligodendrocytes are shared in different brain pathologies

A new cell state of disease-associated oligodendrocytes (DOLs) has been identified, which presents a transcriptional program that is probably driven by neuroinflammation and is shared among different non-immune glial cells across multiple pathologies of the central nervous system.

Nature Neuroscience 25, 845-846
Research Highlights | 06 May 2022

Glia heterogeneity in AD
- Elisa Floriddia
Nature Neuroscience 25, 531
Research Highlights | 05 April 2022

New myelin for old oligodendrocytes
- Elisa Floriddia
Nature Neuroscience 25, 404

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Oligodendrocyte articles from across Nature Portfolio

Latest Research and Reviews

Oligodendrocyte death initiates synchronous remyelination to restore cortical myelin patterns in mice

Single-cell RNA-sequencing identifies disease-associated oligodendrocytes in male APP NL-G-F and 5XFAD mice

Microglia regulate central nervous system myelin growth and integrity

DCC/netrin-1 regulates cell death in oligodendrocytes after brain injury

APOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes

Vascular endothelium deploys caveolin-1 to regulate oligodendrogenesis after chronic cerebral ischemia in mice

News and Comment

Single-cell nanobody-based profiles of multiple epigenetic modalities and chromatin velocity

CD8⁺ T cells in white matter aging

Motor learning revamps the myelin landscape

Changes in the expression profiles of oligodendrocytes are shared in different brain pathologies

Glia heterogeneity in AD

New myelin for old oligodendrocytes

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