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Nutrition disorders are diseases that occur when a person's dietary intake does not contain the right amount of nutrients for healthy functioning, or when a person cannot correctly absorb nutrients from food. Nutrition disorders can be caused by undernutrition, overnutrition or an incorrect balance of nutrients.
The hypothalamus is essential for energy regulation, with POMC neurons crucial for controlling food intake and energy balance. Here, the authors show that AZGP1 improves leptin sensitivity in POMC neurons, aiding in weight loss and energy use by altering leptin-JAK2-STAT3 signalling.
A ‘reverse translation’ strategy using gnotobiotic mice ascertains cause and effect relationships between bacterial members of the gut microbiota, dietary components and host physiology, which are difficult to establish in human nutritional trials.