Nuclear transport articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    How RNA polymerase II subunits enter the nucleus is not well understood. Here, the authors show that Transport and Golgi organization protein 6, TANGO6, recruits RNA polymerase II subunit B2, RPB2, to the ER membrane in a retrograde manner and transports it to the nucleus with the aid of importins.

    • Zhi Feng
    • , Shengnan Liu
    •  & Li Li

  • Article
    | Open Access

    SNURPORTIN-1, encoded by the SNUPN gene, plays a key role in the nuclear import of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, however its physiological function remains unclear. Here the authors report that recessive SNUPN mutations cause a distinct subtype of childhood muscular dystrophy and reveal SNURPORTIN-1’s role in muscle homeostasis, offering insights for new therapeutic strategies.

    • Marwan Nashabat
    • , Nasrinsadat Nabavizadeh
    •  & Nathalie Escande-Beillard

  • Article
    | Open Access

    UAP56 is an important factor in the TREX complex, which is responsible for mRNA export. Here the authors show that the closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49, exhibit different three-dimensional structures due to one amino acid change. Accordingly, they form distinct apo-complexes and function in the nuclear export of specific target mRNAs.

    • Ken-ichi Fujita
    • , Misa Ito
    •  & Seiji Masuda

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nuclear transport receptors mediate nucleocytoplasmic transport, collectively termed karyopherin-β (Kap-β) in yeast. Here, the authors present a cryo-EM structure of Kap114p, one of the Kap-βs, revealing a non-canonical function beyond nuclear transport that modulates yTBP-dependent transcription.

    • Chung-Chi Liao
    • , Yi-Sen Wang
    •  & Kuo-Chiang Hsia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Importins are known to facilitate nucleocytoplasmic transport and cytoplasmic chaperoning of some proteins. Here, the authors uncover that these proteins also act as co-translational chaperones for specific sets of proteins, for example ribonucleic acid binding factors.

    • Maximilian Seidel
    • , Natalie Romanov
    •  & Martin Beck

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Here, Bhat et al. show that Influenza A virus mRNAs are exported from the nucleus via the nucleoporin Tpr and the mRNA export complex TREX-2. These mRNAs have low exon number, high mean exon length, and low GC content. A 45-nucleotide RNA signal can mediate export via TREX-2.

    • Prasanna Bhat
    • , Vasilisa Aksenova
    •  & Beatriz M. A. Fontoura

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The UCLA Ribonomics group reports that the nuclear export efficiency of innate immune mRNAs varies over a hundred-fold range such that for many genes only a small fraction of the newly synthesized premRNA reaches the cytoplasm. They show that nuclear export and cytoplasmic decay rates are correlated thereby ensuring similar expression levels of short-lived and long-lived mRNAs.

    • Diane Lefaudeux
    • , Supriya Sen
    •  & Sri Kosuri

  • Article
    | Open Access

    There is little information on export directionality of RNA passing through the nuclear pore complex in human cells. Here, the authors examine single RNA molecules in transit, to demonstrate 5’-first directionality for the export of mRNA and lncRNA.

    • Asaf Ashkenazy-Titelman
    • , Mohammad Khaled Atrash
    •  & Yaron Shav-Tal

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Here the authors address how embryos control the timing of specific gene activation in early frog development. They find transcription factors for early gene activation are maternally loaded and remain at constant levels, and rather that order of activation is based on their sequential entry into the nucleus based largely on their respective affinity to importins.

    • Thao Nguyen
    • , Eli J. Costa
    •  & Martin Wühr

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This study identifies the evolutionarily conserved Exportin 4 as an essential regulator in the nuclear export of circRNAs. Defective circRNA export results in R-loop formation and DNA damage in cells, as well as testis and neurological defects in mice.

    • Liang Chen
    • , Yucong Wang
    •  & Ge Shan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    ChREBP is a glucose-responsive transcription factor, which regulates glucose-mediated proliferation and cell death in pancreatic β-cells. Here the authors show that the acute feed forward induction of ChREBPβ is required for adaptive β-cell expansion, that chronic overexpression of ChREBPβ is toxic to β-cells, and offer mitigation strategies

    • Liora S. Katz
    • , Gabriel Brill
    •  & Donald K. Scott

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The biogenesis of nuclear pores imposes a logistic challenge for cells. Here, the authors investigate structural motifs for co-translational interactions in nucleoporins and find that co-translational assembly events differ between paralogous assembly pathways thus contributing to faithful assembly.

    • Maximilian Seidel
    • , Anja Becker
    •  & Martin Beck

  • Article
    | Open Access

    TDP-43 is a nucleic acid binding protein, whose insoluble aggregates are neuropathological hallmarks of specific subsets of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Post-translational modifications and acetylation of TDP-43 impact its interaction with RNA, its localization in the cells, and are linked to disease. Using antibodies generated against TDP-43 lysine acetylation sites, sirtuin-1 was found to potently deacetylate amber suppressed [acK136]TDP-43 and reduce its aggregation propensity. Thus, distinct lysine acetylations modulate nuclear import, RNA binding as well as phase separation and aggregation of TDP-43, suggesting regulatory mechanisms for TDP-43 pathogenesis.

    • Jorge Garcia Morato
    • , Friederike Hans
    •  & Philipp J. Kahle

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nuclear translocation of the p50/p65 heterodimer is essential for NF-κB signaling. Here, the authors identify a bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal in the NF-κB p50/p65 heterodimer that is recognized with high affinity by importin α3.

    • Tyler J. Florio
    • , Ravi K. Lokareddy
    •  & Gino Cingolani

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The translation of mechanical cues into gene expression changes is dependent on the nuclear import of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here the authors identify that Importin-7 drives the nuclear import of one such regulator YAP while YAP then controls Importin-7 response to mechanical cues and restricts Importin-7 binding to other cargoes.

    • María García-García
    • , Sara Sánchez-Perales
    •  & Miguel A. Del Pozo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Gene-gating of a MYC oncogenic super-enhancer (OSE) increases its expression in colon cancer cells in a poorly understood process. Here the authors show that MYC gating requires a CTCF binding site (CTCFBS) within the OSE that directs the stepwise trafficking of the OSE to the nuclear pore to facilitate increased nuclear export of MYC mRNA, which results in a growth advantage.

    • Ilyas Chachoua
    • , Ilias Tzelepis
    •  & Anita Göndör

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The permeability barrier of nuclear pore complexes blocks passage of inert macromolecules but allows rapid, receptor-mediated, and RanGTPase-driven transport of cargoes up to ribosome size. The authors now show that such a barrier can be faithfully recapitulated by an ultimately simplified FG phase assembled solely from a tandemly repeated 12mer GLFG peptide.

    • Sheung Chun Ng
    • , Thomas Güttler
    •  & Dirk Görlich

  • Article
    | Open Access

    New contractile units are required during cardiac hypertrophy, though it remains unclear precisely where and how these new sarcomeres are added. Here the authors reveal that in the heart, microtubules spatiotemporally regulate mRNAs and ribosomes to build new sarcomeres, a role which is essential for growth.

    • Emily A. Scarborough
    • , Keita Uchida
    •  & Benjamin L. Prosser

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The SOX2 pioneer transcription factor performs critical roles in pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Here the authors show that SOX2’s two nuclear localization signal sequences form a contiguous binding interface on the nuclear import receptor importin-α3, and provide a structural basis for the preference of SOX2 binding to IMPα3.

    • Bikshapathi Jagga
    • , Megan Edwards
    •  & Jade K. Forwood

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The Y complex is an essential component of the nuclear pore complex but a full model based on experimental structures is lacking. Here, the authors complete the model of the yeast Y complex with two nanobody-bound crystal structures, providing molecular insights into its flexibility and membrane anchoring.

    • Sarah A. Nordeen
    • , Daniel L. Turman
    •  & Thomas U. Schwartz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The transcriptional regulator YAP shuttles rapidly between the cytoplasm and nucleus, but whether and how dynamics such as amplitude and frequency affect target gene transcription is unclear. Here, using live imaging of endogenous YAP and target-gene transcription, the authors show that YAP-dependent signalling is encoded through rapid and concerted changes in the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of YAP.

    • J. Matthew Franklin
    • , Rajarshi P. Ghosh
    •  & Jan T. Liphardt

  • Article
    | Open Access

    mRNAs export from the nucleus is thought to be regulated in part by three nucleoporins that comprise the nuclear basket, but whether and how distinct basket nucleoporins interact with the RNA export machinery is unclear. Here, the authors use rapid auxin-mediated degradation of basket nucleoporins Nup153, Nup50, and Tpr, and see that Tpr interacts with the TREX-2 mRNA export complex.

    • Vasilisa Aksenova
    • , Alexandra Smith
    •  & Mary Dasso

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The contribution of central and peripheral channels of nuclear pores to transport of transmembrane proteins is unclear. Here the authors show that most inner nuclear membrane proteins use only peripheral channels, but some extend nuclear localization signals into the central channel for directed nuclear transport.

    • Krishna C. Mudumbi
    • , Rafal Czapiewski
    •  & Weidong Yang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Fluorogenic RNA aptamers have been used for RNA imaging, but folding and fluorescence stability often limited their use in high resolution applications. Here the authors present an array of stably folding Mango II aptamers for imaging of coding and non-coding RNAs at single-molecule resolution, in both live and fixed cells.

    • Adam D. Cawte
    • , Peter J. Unrau
    •  & David S. Rueda

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Golgi disassembly is required for mitosis and occurs by vesicle fusion suppression, although the mechanism is unclear. Here, Chang et al. show, with quantitative analyses and crystallography, that Importin-α regulates this process by blocking GM130-p115 interactions in a Ran pathway-independent way.

    • Chih-Chia Chang
    • , Ching-Jou Chen
    •  & Kuo-Chiang Hsia

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is known to regulate p53 signaling and this has mainly been linked to peripheral NPC subunits. Here the authors show that Nup155 from the NPC inner ring regulates the p53 pathway by controlling p21 translation while also being a target of p53-mediated repression.

    • Kerstin Holzer
    • , Alessandro Ori
    •  & Stephan Singer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Large protein complexes and ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) such as pre-ribosomes are transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Here the authors use ultrafast freezing and electron tomography to catch snapshots of native RNPs crossing the NPC and estimate their transit time using a probabilistic model.

    • Franck Delavoie
    • , Vanessa Soldan
    •  & Pierre-Emmanuel Gleizes

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The transcriptional co-factors Yap and TAZ are regulated by Hippo signalling and mechanical forces via their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Here the authors identify a RhoA-regulated C-terminal nuclear localization signal and a TEAD-regulated N-terminal nuclear export signal of TAZ in an epithelial cell line.

    • Michael Kofler
    • , Pam Speight
    •  & András Kapus

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Importin α isoforms regulate the nuclear import of different cargo proteins but the mechanisms conferring isoform specificity are not fully understood. Here, the authors study the interactions of importin α1 and α3 with two viral cargos, elucidating the structural basis for isoform-specific cargo recognition.

    • Kate M. Smith
    • , Sofiya Tsimbalyuk
    •  & Jade K. Forwood

  • Article
    | Open Access

    On amino acid deprivation TFEB translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Here the authors identify a nuclear export signal in TFEB that is recognized by the exportin CRM1, and show that dual phosphorylation at S142 and S138 by mTOR accelerates export of TFEB.

    • Gennaro Napolitano
    • , Alessandra Esposito
    •  & Andrea Ballabio

  • Article
    | Open Access

    While the architecture of vertebrate nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) is well understood, the extent of its evolutionary conservation is still unclear. Here, the authors analyze the in situ architecture of an algal NPC, revealing distinct structural features that provide insights into NPC evolution.

    • Shyamal Mosalaganti
    • , Jan Kosinski
    •  & Martin Beck

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The export of mRNA to the cytosol depends on the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and the activation of the helicase DDX19, but their interplay in humans remains poorly understood. Here, the authors present a structural and functional analysis of DDX19 activation, revealing how the human NPC regulates mRNA export.

    • Daniel H. Lin
    • , Ana R. Correia
    •  & André Hoelz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    MxB is an interferon-induced GTPase that inhibits HIV replication. Here, Crameri et al. show that MxB restricts replication of herpesviruses by inhibiting delivery of incoming viral DNA into the nucleus, and this antiviral activity depends on MxB’s GTPase activity.

    • Michel Crameri
    • , Michael Bauer
    •  & Jovan Pavlovic

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The nuclear pore complex is crucial for mediating nucleocytoplasmic exchanges. Here the authors use budding yeast to reveal a mechanism responsible of maintaining nucleoporin homeostasis by sensing changes in the complex integrity and further altering the metabolism of the corresponding mRNAs.

    • Jérôme O. Rouvière
    • , Manuel Bulfoni
    •  & Benoit Palancade

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The proteome-wide characterization of proteostasis depends on robust approaches to determine protein half-lives. Here, the authors improve the accuracy and precision of mass spectrometry-based quantification, enabling reliable protein half-life determination in several non-dividing cell types.

    • Toby Mathieson
    • , Holger Franken
    •  & Mikhail M. Savitski

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Drosophila Polo kinase is the founding member of the Polo-Like Kinase (PLK) family and a master regulator of mitosis and cytokinesis. Here the authors uncover a molecular mechanism for the spatiotemporal regulation of Polo kinase during mitotic entry through a phosphorylation event that triggers nuclear import.

    • David Kachaner
    • , Damien Garrido
    •  & Vincent Archambault

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Single cells can display large heterogeneity in gene induction. Here, Aymoz et al. present an expression reporter based on protein translocation that can accurately measure both the levels and dynamics of protein synthesis in live single cells with a temporal resolution of less than one minute.

    • Delphine Aymoz
    • , Victoria Wosika
    •  & Serge Pelet

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