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CD20/MS4A1 is a mammalian olfactory receptor expressed in a subset of olfactory sensory neurons that mediates innate avoidance of predators
How animals sense and properly avoid predators remains incompletely understood. Here, Jiang et al. show that the B cell co-receptor, CD20 also functions as an olfactory receptor and mediates the innate avoidance of predator derived odors.
- Hao-Ching Jiang
- , Sung Jin Park
- & Paul L. Greer
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| Open Access
Perceptography unveils the causal contribution of inferior temporal cortex to visual perception
The precise role that inferotemporal cortex plays in object recognition remains poorly understood. Here, the authors combine high-throughput behavioral optogenetics in non-human primates with machine learning to graphically capture perceptual events evoked by local stimulation in the high-level visual cortex.
- Elia Shahbazi
- , Timothy Ma
- & Arash Afraz
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| Open Access
Cdk8/CDK19 promotes mitochondrial fission through Drp1 phosphorylation and can phenotypically suppress pink1 deficiency in Drosophila
Mitochondrial fission, performed by Drp1, is carefully regulated, particularly in neurons. Here, the authors examine Drosophila Cdk8/CDK19 function in mitochondrial fission and uncover a role phosphorylating Drp1 in the cytoplasm and show overexpression suppresses a Parkinson’s disease model.
- Jenny Zhe Liao
- , Hyung-lok Chung
- & Esther M. Verheyen
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| Open Access
Structural basis for antiepileptic drugs and botulinum neurotoxin recognition of SV2A
SV2A is a receptor for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) and new generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Here the authors report cryo-EM structures of SV2A in complex with BoNT receptor binding domain and AEDs highlighting the difference in the binding affinity between AEDs.
- Atsushi Yamagata
- , Kaori Ito
- & Mikako Shirouzu
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| Open Access
Reconstruction of macroglia and adult neurogenesis evolution through cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analyses
Macroglia are neural cells that have garnered less interest than neurons despite their crucial functions including neurogenesis. Here the authors use sequencing from several species to investigate the evolution of macroglia and of adult neurogenesis.
- David Morizet
- , Isabelle Foucher
- & Laure Bally-Cuif
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| Open Access
Robust compression and detection of epileptiform patterns in ECoG using a real-time spiking neural network hardware framework
Costa et al. designed a modular spiking neural network in a neuromorphic device with heterogeneous silicon neurons that remotely detects epileptiform discharges and High Frequency Oscillations in intra-operative EEG during epilepsy surgery in real-time.
- Filippo Costa
- , Eline V. Schaft
- & Johannes Sarnthein
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| Open Access
Distinct information conveyed to the olfactory bulb by feedforward input from the nose and feedback from the cortex
How the feedforward information from the nose and feedback from the cortex interact in the olfactory bulb is not fully understood. Here, by imaging olfactory sensory neurons and cortical projections to the olfactory bulb, the authors show that sensory transformations contained within both streams.
- Joseph D. Zak
- , Gautam Reddy
- & Venkatesh N. Murthy
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| Open Access
CXCL5 activates CXCR2 in nociceptive sensory neurons to drive joint pain and inflammation in experimental gouty arthritis
Here, the authors demonstrate that CXCL5 expression is increased in ankle joints of gouty arthritis model mice. CXCL5-neuronal CXCR2-TRPA1 axis contributes to gouty arthritis pain, neutrophil influx and joint inflammation.
- Chengyu Yin
- , Boyu Liu
- & Boyi Liu
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Article
| Open Access
Conjunctive encoding of exploratory intentions and spatial information in the hippocampus
The hippocampus maps space, but its role in encoding investigatory intentions is unclear. Here the authors show that certain CA1 neurons encode both spatial information and animals’ intention to explore, depending on input from lateral entorhinal cortex.
- Yi-Fan Zeng
- , Ke-Xin Yang
- & Ning Zhou
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Alkyne-tagged SERS nanoprobe for understanding Cu+ and Cu2+ conversion in cuproptosis processes
Simultaneously quantifying mitochondrial Cu+ and Cu2+ levels is vital for understanding the molecular mechanism of mitochondria-related biological events. Here the authors report an alkynyl-labeled SERS probe to simultaneously monitor free Cu+ and Cu2+ in mitochondria, and unveil their roles during ischemia and cuproptosis processes.
- Sihan Zhang
- , Yuxiao Mei
- & Yang Tian
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Article
| Open Access
A hippocampus-accumbens code guides goal-directed appetitive behavior
The dorsal hippocampus plays an important role for spatial memory, but how its outputs guide behavior is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that nucleus accumbens-specific hippocampal projection neurons carry a highly conjunctive code of spatial and action information that directs spatial reward memory-guided appetitive behaviors.
- Oliver Barnstedt
- , Petra Mocellin
- & Stefan Remy
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Neurocomputational mechanisms involved in adaptation to fluctuating intentions of others
Humans often interact without knowing the cooperative or competitive intentions of others. Here, the authors determined the neurocomputational mechanisms engaged in adapting to fluctuating intentions of others over repeated social interactions.
- Rémi Philippe
- , Rémi Janet
- & Jean-Claude Dreher
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Stimulus encoding by specific inactivation of cortical neurons
How neural ensembles encode information remains poorly understood. Here, the authors identify “offsembles”—neurons that are specifically inactivated by sensory stimuli—which, when combined with “onsemble” neurons that are turned on by the stimulus, provide enhanced encoding power to the cortex.
- Jesús Pérez-Ortega
- , Alejandro Akrouh
- & Rafael Yuste
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Subthalamic stimulation modulates context-dependent effects of beta bursts during fine motor control
How movement speed is neurally modulated remains poorly understood. Here, the authors recorded invasive brain signals in Parkinson’s disease patients during drawing and deep brain stimulation, showing a context-dependent relationship between reductions of movement acceleration and dynamic activity of the basal ganglia.
- Manuel Bange
- , Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla
- & Sergiu Groppa
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Neural signatures of indirect pathway activity during subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson’s disease
Subthalamic deep brain stimulation produces evoked resonant neural activity (ERNA) which has been linked to therapeutic benefit. Using a multimodal approach, the authors propose that ERNA reflects activation of the basal ganglia indirect pathway network.
- Leon A. Steiner
- , David Crompton
- & Luka Milosevic
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Article
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Multisensory flicker modulates widespread brain networks and reduces interictal epileptiform discharges
Repetitive audio-visual stimulation, or sensory flicker, can modulate oscillations in a non-invasive manner. Here the authors demonstrate the potential of flicker in individuals with epilepsy undergoing intracranial seizure monitoring.
- Lou T. Blanpain
- , Eric R. Cole
- & Annabelle C. Singer
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Multiplicative joint coding in preparatory activity for reaching sequence in macaque motor cortex
Understanding the link between multiple movement elements and sequence-related responses in the motor cortex remains elusive. This study reveals a multiplicative joint coding mechanism during motor preparation which transfers to additive during execution, potentially explaining the linear readout of elemental movements.
- Tianwei Wang
- , Yun Chen
- & He Cui
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Tension activation of mechanosensitive two-pore domain K+ channels TRAAK, TREK-1, and TREK-2
TRAAK, TREK-1 and TREK-2 are mechanosensitive potassium channels involved in action potential propagation among other roles. Here, authors quantify their tension response and show ultrasound can generate tension to activate ion channels.
- Ben Sorum
- , Trevor Docter
- & Stephen G. Brohawn
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| Open Access
Dynamics of collective cooperation under personalised strategy updates
Collective cooperation is found across many social and biological systems. Here, the authors find that infrequent hub updates promote the emergence of collective cooperation and develop an algorithm that optimises collective cooperation with update rates.
- Yao Meng
- , Sean P. Cornelius
- & Aming Li
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Elevated ozone disrupts mating boundaries in drosophilid flies
Some atmospheric pollutants may disrupt chemical communication in insects. Here, the authors show that exposure to elevated ozone disrupts pheromone-mediated mate recognition and increases hybridization in laboratory colonies of four Drosophila species.
- Nan-Ji Jiang
- , Xinqi Dong
- & Markus Knaden
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Multiple processes of vocal sensory-motor interaction in primate auditory cortex
The neural processes underlying vocal self-monitoring are unclear. Here, the authors show that vocal suppression of auditory cortex operates on two time-scales with different temporal and acoustic precision, suggesting distinct predictive modulations.
- Joji Tsunada
- , Xiaoqin Wang
- & Steven J. Eliades
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Auditory cortex conveys non-topographic sound localization signals to visual cortex
Auditory cortex sends dense projections to layer 1 of mouse V1. Here the authors show these axons convey rich sound localization signals and that their auditory receptive fields do not align with the retinotopic map of V1.
- Camille Mazo
- , Margarida Baeta
- & Leopoldo Petreanu
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Complex activity and short-term plasticity of human cerebral organoids reciprocally connected with axons
Connecting cerebral organoids with an axon bundle models inter-regional projections and enhances neural activity. Optogenetic stimulation induces short-term plasticity, offering insights into macroscopic circuit development and functionality.
- Tatsuya Osaki
- , Tomoya Duenki
- & Yoshiho Ikeuchi
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A primary sensory cortical interareal feedforward inhibitory circuit for tacto-visual integration
Where and how the brain integrates discrete sensory inputs is not fully understood. Here authors show that a multisensory zone in the mouse anterior primary visual cortex integrates tactile and visual inputs from a shared sensory space through interareal feedforward inhibition.
- Simon Weiler
- , Vahid Rahmati
- & Manuel Teichert
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A bionic self-driven retinomorphic eye with ionogel photosynaptic retina
Luo et al. report a self-driven hemispherical retinomorphic eye that employs ionogel heterojunctions as photoreceptors. This photoreceptor exhibits broadband photosynapse, high conformability, retinal transplantation, and visual restoration for re-time optical imaging and motion tracking.
- Xu Luo
- , Chen Chen
- & Wei Huang
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| Open Access
Integrated proteomics reveals autophagy landscape and an autophagy receptor controlling PKA-RI complex homeostasis in neurons
The health of brain cells is known to depend on functional autophagy, but the details are unclear. Here, the authors perform systematic proteomic profiling of human and mouse neurons, delineating the landscape of autophagy degradation in brain.
- Xiaoting Zhou
- , You-Kyung Lee
- & Zhenyu Yue
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Viability leads to the emergence of gait transitions in learning agile quadrupedal locomotion on challenging terrains
A bio-inspired control architecture for learning agile quadruped locomotion on challenging terrain suggests Viability (i.e., avoiding falls) as the main criterion for quadrupedal gait transitions and energy efficiency is the secondary objective.
- Milad Shafiee
- , Guillaume Bellegarda
- & Auke Ijspeert
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| Open Access
Multicore fiber optic imaging reveals that astrocyte calcium activity in the mouse cerebral cortex is modulated by internal motivational state
Astrocyte calcium increases can alter brain state, but their dynamics during different behaviors have not been fully described. Here, the authors use multicore fiber optic imaging in freely moving mice to show that astrocyte engagement in behavior is influenced by the motivational state.
- Yung-Tian A. Gau
- , Eric T. Hsu
- & Dwight E. Bergles
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| Open Access
Stress increases hepatic release of lipocalin 2 which contributes to anxiety-like behavior in mice
Cross talk between periphery and the central nervous system may contribute to stress associated behaviours. Here the authors identified liver-derived lipocalin 2 as a peripheral factor that elicits anxiety-like behaviours via modulating medial prefrontal neural activity.
- Lan Yan
- , Fengzhen Yang
- & Li Zhang
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Article
| Open Access
Timing along the cardiac cycle modulates neural signals of reward-based learning
Previous work has shown that natural cardiac rhythms modulate the perception and reaction to sensory cues through changes in associated neural signals. Here, the authors show that sensitivity to prediction errors during reward learning is related to the phase of the cardiac cycle.
- Elsa F. Fouragnan
- , Billy Hosking
- & Alejandra Sel
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| Open Access
EEG decoders track memory dynamics
Successful memorization could be decoded from brain activity. Here the authors decode human memory success from EEG recordings, suggesting memory is linked to context.
- Yuxuan Li
- , Jesse K. Pazdera
- & Michael J. Kahana
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| Open Access
Subcellular pathways through VGluT3-expressing mouse amacrine cells provide locally tuned object-motion-selective signals in the retina
How the spatial distribution of synapses relates to the subcellular integration and transmission of signals is not fully understood. Here authors combine functional and connectomic analysis to map the subcellular flow of information in retinal amacrine cells.
- Karl Friedrichsen
- , Jen-Chun Hsiang
- & Josh L. Morgan
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Distinct local and global functions of mouse Aβ low-threshold mechanoreceptors in mechanical nociception
The mechanism underlying mechanical hyperalgesia is not fully understood. Here authors show opposing roles of tactile afferents in mechanical nociception using mouse pain models.
- Mayank Gautam
- , Akihiro Yamada
- & Wenqin Luo
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Article
| Open Access
Plasma brain-derived tau is an amyloid-associated neurodegeneration biomarker in Alzheimer’s disease
The authors investigated associations of brain-derived-tau (BD-tau) with Aβ pathology, changes in cognition and MRI signatures. Staging Aβ-pathology according to neurodegeneration, using BD-tau, identifies individuals at risk of near-term cognitive decline and atrophy.
- Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz
- , Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom
- & Kaj Blennow
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| Open Access
Shared inflammatory glial cell signature after stab wound injury, revealed by spatial, temporal, and cell-type-specific profiling of the murine cerebral cortex
Glial cells and their crosstalk after injury are crucial for brain regeneration. Here, the authors show the spatial, temporal, and single-cell responses of glial cells after injury and identify shared pathways controlling glial reactivity.
- Christina Koupourtidou
- , Veronika Schwarz
- & Jovica Ninkovic
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| Open Access
Dopamine control of social novelty preference is constrained by an interpeduncular-tegmentum circuit
Why animals prefer novel social encounters over familiar ones is unclear. Here, authors find that mesolimbic dopamine encodes novel social interaction bout length; whereas familiar social encounters are shortened by an IPN→LDTg circuit that restricts dopamine to control novelty preference.
- Susanna Molas
- , Timothy G. Freels
- & Andrew R. Tapper
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| Open Access
Global spatiotemporal synchronizing structures of spontaneous neural activities in different cell types
Neural mechanisms underlying brain-wide synchronization are not fully understood. Here authors show that traveling waves are prevalent in both excitatory and inhibitory neural populations, more pronounced in glutamatergic neurons, vary across developmental stages, and are associated with functional connections and gene expression.
- Liang Shi
- , Xiaoxi Fu
- & Pengcheng Li
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Article
| Open Access
Age-progressive interplay of HSP-proteostasis, ECM-cell junctions and biomechanics ensures C. elegans astroglial architecture
Neural circuit architecture must be maintained during an animal’s lifetime. Here, the authors show that a protective mechanism combining proteostasis and biomechanics supports the integrity of glial cells to environmental stressors.
- Francesca Coraggio
- , Mahak Bhushan
- & Georgia Rapti
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Article
| Open Access
Dynamic encoding of temperature in the central circadian circuit coordinates physiological activities
The central circadian circuit’s role in integrating temperature changes is not fully understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that temperature-sensitive DN1a circadian neurons in the Drosophila brain bidirectionally influence downstream circadian neurons, regulating temperature-dependent physiological activities.
- Hailiang Li
- , Zhiyi Li
- & Fang Guo
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Article
| Open Access
Intron detention tightly regulates the stemness/differentiation switch in the adult neurogenic niche
mRNAs associated with differentiated cells are already detected in adult neural stem cells. Here the authors show how intron detention prevents their translation, solving conflicts in fate decisions while priming stem cells for timely differentiation.
- Ainara González-Iglesias
- , Aida Arcas
- & M. Angela Nieto
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Comment
| Open Access
Impression management in sex and gender neuroscience research reporting: the MAGIC guidelines
Here, the authors discuss guidelines to avoid miscommunication of findings in research into sex and gender-based differences in the brain.
- Gina Rippon
- , Katy Losse
- & Simon White
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Article
| Open Access
Intrathecal delivery of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in traumatic spinal cord injury: Phase I trial
In the CELLTOP Phase I trial, stem cells were harvested from patients with spinal cord injury and injected into their central nervous system after processing. The procedure was safe, with no reported serious adverse events during the 2-year follow-up period.
- Mohamad Bydon
- , Wenchun Qu
- & Allan B. Dietz
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Article
| Open Access
Native-state proteomics of Parvalbumin interneurons identifies unique molecular signatures and vulnerabilities to early Alzheimer’s pathology
Native state proteomics of PV interneurons revealed unique molecular features of high translational and metabolic activity, and enrichment of Alzheimer’s risk genes. Early amyloid pathology exerted unique effects on mitochondria, mTOR signaling and neurotransmission in PV neurons.
- Prateek Kumar
- , Annie M. Goettemoeller
- & Srikant Rangaraju
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Article
| Open Access
Alignment of brain embeddings and artificial contextual embeddings in natural language points to common geometric patterns
Here, using neural activity patterns in the inferior frontal gyrus and large language modeling embeddings, the authors provide evidence for a common neural code for language processing.
- Ariel Goldstein
- , Avigail Grinstein-Dabush
- & Uri Hasson
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Article
| Open Access
Colitis reduces active social engagement in mice and is ameliorated by supplementation with human microbiota members
Past intestinal distress is associated with diminished social behavior in mice. Here, the authors show that treatment with microbiota members that are enriched in neurotypical people versus people with ASD can ameliorate colitis severity and associated sociability deficits.
- D. Garrett Brown
- , Michaela Murphy
- & June L. Round
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Article
| Open Access
Structural bases of inhibitory mechanism of CaV1.2 channel inhibitors
CaV1.2 is crucial in cardiac, vascular and neuronal function, serving as a target for many drugs. Here, authors identify the binding site of herb-derived drug tetrandrine, and explore inhibitory mechanism of L/T-type selective DHP drug benidipine.
- Yiqing Wei
- , Zhuoya Yu
- & Yan Zhao
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Article
| Open Access
Structure of alpha-synuclein fibrils derived from human Lewy body dementia tissue
The accumulation of alpha-synuclein fibrils within neurons is the defining feature of Lewy body dementia (LBD). Here the authors report a method to produce large quantities of alpha-synuclein fibrils that reproduce the complex structure of the fibrils that accumulate in LBD brain tissue.
- Dhruva D. Dhavale
- , Alexander M. Barclay
- & Paul T. Kotzbauer
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Article
| Open Access
Transient expression of the neuropeptide galanin modulates peripheral‑to‑central connectivity in the somatosensory thalamus during whisker development in mice
The function of transient neuropeptides in developmental roles in the nervous system remains elusive. Here, authors demonstrate that galanin shapes synaptic wiring in the whisker pathway, a fundamental sensory modality for infant rodents before eye opening.
- Zsofia Hevesi
- , Joanne Bakker
- & Tibor Harkany
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Article
| Open Access
Remodeling of the postsynaptic proteome in male mice and marmosets during synapse development
The proteomic changes that occur during synapse development are not fully understood. In this work, the authors characterise the postsynaptic proteome changes that occur during development in male mice and marmosets.
- Takeshi Kaizuka
- , Takehiro Suzuki
- & Toru Takumi
Position- and scale-invariant object-centered spatial localization in monkey frontoparietal cortex dynamically adapts to cognitive demandBrowse broader subjects
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- Auditory system
- Blood–brain barrier
- Cell death in the nervous system
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