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Nanomedicine is a branch of medicine that applies the knowledge and tools of nanotechnology to the prevention and treatment of disease. Nanomedicine involves the use of nanoscale materials, such as biocompatible nanoparticles and nanorobots, for diagnosis, delivery, sensing or actuation purposes in a living organism.
Nanoparticle penetration into tumours is an obstacle to cancer therapeutics. Here the authors show that the tumour vascular basement membrane constitutes a barrier that reduces nanoparticle delivery and demonstrate an immune-driven strategy to overcome the barrier, increasing nanoparticle movement into tumours.
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here the authors show that macrophage-derived microparticles modified with a M2-like macrophage targeting peptide and loaded with the TLR7/8 agonist resiquimod reprogram TAMs from immunosuppressive to inflammatory, promoting anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical HCC models.
Non-invasive monitoring of oxygen levels has implications in a wide range of applications. Here, the authors report that biological imaging beyond 1,500 nm enables in vivo quantitative assessment of oxyhaemoglobin saturation at vascular resolution with high sensitivity.
Approaches to combine photodynamic therapy (PDT) with immunotherapy are emerging, allowing the treatment of primary and metastatic tumors. Here the authors report the design and characterization of a nanomaterial for theranostic imaging and photodynamic therapy eliciting anti-tumor immune response in preclinical cancer models.
High-performance liquid chromatography is widely used to characterise pH-triggered drug release from nanomaterials, but is limited by the specific physicochemical properties of the analytes. Here, the authors investigate the application of surface plasmon resonance biosensing, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and capillary electrophoresis to evaluate the release kinetics of diverse drugs from a polymeric drug delivery system.
Single blood vessel analysis by artificial intelligence (AI) reveals heterogeneous vascular permeability among different tumour types, which is leveraged in rationally designing protein nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems to achieve active trans-endothelial permeability in tumours.
Targeting P-selectin enables safer and more effective nanomedicine delivery through caveolin-1-mediated endothelial transcytosis in preclinical medulloblastoma tumour models.
Biomineralization approaches have been used for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Here, the influence of nucleation sites and protein size on the production of iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging applications is described.
