Imaging and sensing articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    The researchers showcase a photonic-electronic FMCW LiDAR source composed of a micro-electronic based high-voltage arbitrary waveform generator, a photonic circuit-based tunable Vernier laser with piezoelectric actuators, and an erbium-doped waveguide amplifier.

    • Anton Lukashchuk
    • , Halil Kerim Yildirim
    •  & Tobias J. Kippenberg

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Authors present a centimeter-scale miniaturized Raman spectrometer using cheap nonstabilized laser diodes, densely packed optics, and non-cooled small sensors while the performance is comparable with expensive bulky research-grade Raman systems.

    • Oleksii Ilchenko
    • , Yurii Pilhun
    •  & Anja Boisen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Achieving uniform spin excitation, crucial for MRI, is challenging in the electrically large human body at UHF. Here, authors introduce an innovative dielectric waveguide specifically designed for traveling-wave MRI, which enhances homogeneity and efficiency through effective wave manipulation.

    • Yang Gao
    • , Tong Liu
    •  & Xiaotong Zhang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Metasurfaces processing incoming images have been proposed in the context of real space operations. Here, the authors demonstrate mathematical operations, such as differentiation, on the angular spectrum of an image using metasurfaces, which can be used to enhance spectral features of an image.

    • Ming Deng
    • , Michele Cotrufo
    •  & Lin Chen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Quickly acquiring topographical information from a sample remains a challenge in optics. Here, the authors introduce encoded search focal scan, a technique for sub-micrometric imaging of tens of topographies per second based on collecting a reduced set of images.

    • Narcís Vilar
    • , Roger Artigas
    •  & Guillem Carles

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Signal transmission without the interference from ambient light is prerequisite for optical communications. Min et al. design an asymmetric 2D-3D-2D perovskite photodetector with frequency-selective photoresponse for real-time high fidelity optical communications under strong light interference.

    • Liangliang Min
    • , Haoxuan Sun
    •  & Liang Li

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Mid-infrared hyperspectral imaging is valuable for sample characterisation but suffers limited scanning rates. The authors develop such an imaging system based on parametric upconversion of supercontinuum illumination in the Fourier plane, enabling a 100-Hz acquisition rate of spectral datacubes.

    • Jianan Fang
    • , Kun Huang
    •  & Heping Zeng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In-sensor computing requires detectors with polarity reconfigurability and linear responsivity. Pang et al. report a CsPbBr3 perovskite single crystal X-ray detector for edge extraction imaging with a data compression ratio of 46.4% and classification task with an accuracy of 100%.

    • Jincong Pang
    • , Haodi Wu
    •  & Guangda Niu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The researchers showcase swept-coded aperture real-time femtophotography—an all-optical single-shot computational imaging modality at up to 156.3 trillion frames per second—video-records transient absorption in a semiconductor and ultrafast demagnetization of a metal alloy.

    • Jingdan Liu
    • , Miguel Marquez
    •  & Jinyang Liang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors showcase a video-rate hyperspectral imager based on a single-pixel photodetector that can achieve high-throughput hyperspectral video recording at a low bandwidth. Specifically, they propose a joint spatial-spectral encoding scheme which can encode the scene into highly compressed single-pixel measurements and obtain temporal correlation at the same time.

    • Yibo Xu
    • , Liyang Lu
    •  & Kevin F. Kelly

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Detecting hydrogen gas in humid air is an unresolved challenge of significant importance for the safe implementation of hydrogen (energy) technologies. Here, authors demonstrate how the use of neural networks enables the sensing of hydrogen in highly humid air with a detection limit of 100 ppm.

    • David Tomeček
    • , Henrik Klein Moberg
    •  & Christoph Langhammer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Solid-state spatio-spectral coherent light detection and ranging system is proposed based on flutter-wavelength-swept laser for real-time four-dimensional coherent imaging over extended measurable distance even in challenging environments.

    • Dawoon Jeong
    • , Hansol Jang
    •  & Chang-Seok Kim

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recent studies have reported miniaturized spectrometers based on van der Waals heterostructures. Here, the authors demonstrate multifunctional SnS2/ReSe2 heterojunction spectrometers providing photodetection, spectrum reconstruction, spectral imaging, long-term image memory, and signal processing capabilities.

    • Gang Wu
    • , Mohamed Abid
    •  & Han-Chun Wu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Drones are an effective and flexible tool for safety assessment of aging infrastructure, especially in locations with challenging accessibility. Here, authors demonstrate a phase-based sampling moiré technique with a drone for measurement of millimeter-scale infrastructural displacement in bridges.

    • Shien Ri
    • , Jiaxing Ye
    •  & Norihiko Ogura

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Remote transport of high-dimensional-encoded photonic states could in principle be achieved via quantum teleportation, but with considerable experimental effort. Here, instead, the authors exploit spatial-mode engineered frequency conversion between a coherent wave packet and a single photon to remotely transfer the HD OAM states, also providing a strategy for quantum imaging.

    • Xiaodong Qiu
    • , Haoxu Guo
    •  & Lixiang Chen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Standard techniques for Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy are limited by the electronics to 100’s of picoseconds time resolution. Here, the authors show how to use two-photon interference to perform fluorescence lifetime sensing with picosecond-scale resolution.

    • Ashley Lyons
    • , Vytautas Zickus
    •  & Daniele Faccio

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Highly reflective surfaces are notorious in 3D sensing because they can cause errors in depth perception. Here, the authors devise a polarization structured light 3D sensor for this problem, in which high-contrast-grating VCSELs are used. Experiments are reported to demonstrate the sensor can be used to see and see through the highly reflective surfaces.

    • Xuanlun Huang
    • , Chenyang Wu
    •  & Connie J. Chang-Hasnain

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Researchers demonstrate robust optical communication around fully opaque occlusions, partially or entirely blocking the light path, using a pair of electronic encoder and passive diffractive decoder that are jointly optimized using deep learning.

    • Md Sadman Sakib Rahman
    • , Tianyi Gan
    •  & Aydogan Ozcan

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors develop a method for sub-diffraction near-field imaging using measurements taken relatively far from an object, amplifying evanescent waves that encode the highest resolution. The increased distance greatly reduces the perturbation of the fields by the imaging device itself.

    • Alessandro Tuniz
    •  & Boris T. Kuhlmey

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recent years have seen a growing need for miniaturized spectroscopic tools. Here, authors present a novel integrated spectrometer with programmable photonic circuits, achieving record-high resolution and bandwidth via only a few filtering components.

    • Chunhui Yao
    • , Kangning Xu
    •  & Richard Penty

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The assessment of selective therapeutics targeted to treat altered vasoactivity, a major characteristic of cardiovascular and oncological diseases, is still challenging due to unknown whole-body selectivity. Here the authors demonstrate that photoacoustic tomography has the potential to capture significant acute vasodilation of major arteries and vasculature selectivity.

    • Kristie Huda
    • , Dylan J. Lawrence
    •  & Carolyn L. Bayer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The understanding of the orientation of luminescent molecules is currently limited by the ensemble-averaging nature of state-of-the-art measurements. Here, the authors apply single-molecule imaging to obtain complete orientation distributions of the transition dipole of individual emitter molecules.

    • Francisco Tenopala-Carmona
    • , Dirk Hertel
    •  & Malte C. Gather

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High-resolution single-photon imaging is challenging due to complex hardware and noise disturbances. Here, the authors realise simultaneous single-photon denoising and super-resolution enhancement by physics-informed deep learning, with a physical multi-source noise model, two single-photon image datasets, and a deep transformer network.

    • Liheng Bian
    • , Haoze Song
    •  & Jun Zhang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Designing optoelectronic synapses having a multispectral color-discriminating ability is crucial for neuromorphic visual system. Here, the authors propose an strategy to introduce RGB color-discriminating synaptic functionality into a 2-terminals memristor regardless of switching medium and design a color image-recognizing CNN and light-programmable reservoir computing.

    • Jongmin Lee
    • , Bum Ho Jeong
    •  & Hui Joon Park

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Demand for data recovery from monolithic storage devices is high but current methods are inefficient. Here, authors develop a robotic OCT-guided inspection and microsurgery method, minimizing damage to device and enhancing data recovery efficiency.

    • Bin He
    • , Yuxin Zhang
    •  & Ning Zhang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Virtual optical waveguide can be potentially utilised in variety of applications that require in situ light steering yet the efficacy is still unclear. Here, the authors show that ultrasonically-sculpted virtual gradient-index waveguides are effective in guiding and confining light inside tissue and other scattering media, and significantly outperform external lenses at this task.

    • Adithya Pediredla
    • , Matteo Giuseppe Scopelliti
    •  & Ioannis Gkioulekas

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Chemical imaging, including infrared spectroscopic microscopy with molecular sensitivity, is useful for label-free biomedical analyses, but is limited by slow speed and poor image quality. Here, the authors design a fast mid-infrared microscope with low noise and high spatial resolution for high-throughput imaging of whole slides.

    • Kevin Yeh
    • , Ishaan Sharma
    •  & Rohit Bhargava

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Conventional super-oscillatory devices suffer from numerical-aperture related issue including depth of focus, chromatic dispersion, and focusing, Here, the authors utilised multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimise the design and experimentally demonstrated lens with an extended depth of focus, ultra-large working distance and suppressed side-lobes.

    • Wenli Li
    • , Pei He
    •  & Yiting Yu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Measurement and control of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) is essential for applications of few-cycle laser beams. The authors present a compact on-chip, ambient-air, CEP scanning probe and show a 3D map of spatial changes of CEP and demonstrate CEP control in the focal volume with a spatial light modulator.

    • Václav Hanus
    • , Beatrix Fehér
    •  & Péter Dombi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Current multispectral video cameras can hardly scale up beyond megapixel resolution and do not apply to large-scale scenes. The authors design a tens-ofmegapixel handheld multi-spectral imaging scheme, build a setup achieving 65-megapixel videography of 12 wavebands, and show its wide applications.

    • Weihang Zhang
    • , Jinli Suo
    •  & Qionghai Dai

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Spectroscopic gas sensing with high sensitivity and selectivity finds an increasing number of applications. Here, the authors report an approach to ultrasensitive multiplexed gas sensing by integrating dual-comb spectroscopy with cavity optomechanics.

    • Xinyi Ren
    • , Jin Pan
    •  & Heping Zeng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Understanding the mechanical properties of materials is critical in many fields, from soft hydrogels to biological tissues, yet current measurement methods lack the spatial and time resolution to characterize samples with complex structures. Here, the authors show non-invasive elastography technique offering advancements in resolution, sensitivity, and measurement frequencies.

    • Xu Feng
    • , Guo-Yang Li
    •  & Seok-Hyun Yun

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The application of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) to non-conducting materials is challenging. Here, the authors report the TR-PEEM characterization of near-field dielectric modes and photoemission properties of insulating hexagonal boron nitride structures on indium tin oxide/glass substrates.

    • Yaolong Li
    • , Pengzuo Jiang
    •  & Qihuang Gong

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Knowledge of atmospheric turbulence strength at various distances is critical for the development of effective solutions for turbulence mitigation. Here, authors demonstrate how to probe the distribution of turbulence strength along a propagation path with multiple longitudinally structured optical beams

    • Huibin Zhou
    • , Xinzhou Su
    •  & Alan E. Willner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors present phase intensity nanoscope (PINE), which uses an integrated phase-intensity multilayer thin film to localize randomly distributed nanoprobes and resolve sub-10 nm cellular architectures. They demonstrate dynamic imaging of nanoscopic reorganization over 250 h and find that nanoscale rearrangements emerging into macroscale rearrangements are synchronized.

    • Guangjie Cui
    • , Yunbo Liu
    •  & Somin Eunice Lee

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Direct visualization of the chemical dynamics of surfaces in solution is essential to gain mechanistic insights into nanocatalysis and electrochemistry. Here, the authors demonstrate the imaging of dynamic interfacial changes on a single nanowire during chemical reactions using azimuthally modulated plasmonic scattering interferometry.

    • Gang Wu
    • , Chen Qian
    •  & Xian-Wei Liu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors present a fast mid-infrared hyperspectral chemical imaging technique that uses chirped pulse upconversion of sub-cycle pulses at the image plane, with lateral resolution of 15 µm and an adjustable field of view and large spectral range. They demonstrate identification and mapping different components in a microfluidic device, plant cell, and mouse embryo.

    • Yue Zhao
    • , Shota Kusama
    •  & Takao Fuji

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