Featured
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Article |
Biomechanics of predator–prey arms race in lion, zebra, cheetah and impala
Analysis and modelling of locomotor characteristics of two pursuit predator–prey pairs show that hunts at lower speeds enable prey to use their maximum manoeuvring capacity and favour prey survival.
- Alan M. Wilson
- , Tatjana Y. Hubel
- & Timothy G. West
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Letter |
Indirect effects drive coevolution in mutualistic networks
An approach to ecological interactions that integrates coevolutionary dynamics and network structure, showing that selection in mutualisms is shaped not only by the mutualistic partners but by all sorts of indirect effects from other species in the network.
- Paulo R. Guimarães Jr
- , Mathias M. Pires
- & John N. Thompson
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Article |
Disorder in convergent floral nanostructures enhances signalling to bees
Disordered nanoscale striations on petals, tepals and bracts have evolved multiple times among flowering plants and provide a salient visual signal to foraging bumblebees (Bombus terrestris).
- Edwige Moyroud
- , Tobias Wenzel
- & Beverley J. Glover
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Letter |
Early trace of life from 3.95 Ga sedimentary rocks in Labrador, Canada
The authors provide evidence for the existence of life on Earth in the earliest known sedimentary rocks and suggest that the presence of organic carbon, and low stable-isotope values of graphite from sedimentary rocks in Labrador pushes back the existence of organic life to beyond 3.95 billion years.
- Takayuki Tashiro
- , Akizumi Ishida
- & Tsuyoshi Komiya
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Letter |
Host genome integration and giant virus-induced reactivation of the virophage mavirus
Endogenous viral elements found in a marine protozoan have a function in defence against infection by giant viruses.
- Matthias G. Fischer
- & Thomas Hackl
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Letter |
Environmental Breviatea harbour mutualistic Arcobacter epibionts
The cultivation of Lenisia limosa, a newly discovered breviate protist, symbiotically colonized by relatives of the animal-associated bacterium Arcobacter.
- Emmo Hamann
- , Harald Gruber-Vodicka
- & Marc Strous
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Letter |
The diversity-generating benefits of a prokaryotic adaptive immune system
Population-level spacer diversity is a key fitness determinant of CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems because it limits the emergence of escape virus.
- Stineke van Houte
- , Alice K. E. Ekroth
- & Edze R. Westra
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Letter |
Ritual human sacrifice promoted and sustained the evolution of stratified societies
Phylogenetic methods were applied to a cross-cultural database of traditional Austronesian societies to test the link between ritual human sacrifice and the origins of social hierarchy—the presence of sacrifice in a society stabilized social stratification and promoted inherited class systems.
- Joseph Watts
- , Oliver Sheehan
- & Russell D. Gray
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Letter |
Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies
To test whether there is a relationship between the level of national corruption and the intrinsic honesty of individuals, a behavioural test of the honesty of people from 23 countries was conducted; the authors found that high national scores on an index of rule-breaking are linked with reduced personal honesty.
- Simon Gächter
- & Jonathan F. Schulz
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Letter |
Eye-like ocelloids are built from different endosymbiotically acquired components
Dinoflagellate eye-like ocelloids are built from pre-existing organelles of disparate origin, including a cornea-like layer made of mitochondria and a retinal body made of anastomosing plastids.
- Gregory S. Gavelis
- , Shiho Hayakawa
- & Brian S. Leander
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Letter |
The long-term maintenance of a resistance polymorphism through diffuse interactions
Long-term plant resistance polymorphism does not require obligate association but instead is maintained in the face of diffuse ecological interactions.
- Talia L. Karasov
- , Joel M. Kniskern
- & Joy Bergelson
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Letter |
A suspension-feeding anomalocarid from the Early Cambrian
Tamisiocaris borealis, an Early Cambrian member of the anomalocarids—giant, predatory marine stem arthropods—probably used its frontal appendage to trap microscopic, planktonic animals.
- Jakob Vinther
- , Martin Stein
- & David A. T. Harper
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Letter |
Abundant SAR11 viruses in the ocean
Viruses are isolated from the SAR11 bacterial clade, the most abundant group of bacteria in the ocean, that were thought to be resistant to viral infection; because of the essential role of SAR11 in carbon cycling these viruses are also an important factor in biogeochemical cycling.
- Yanlin Zhao
- , Ben Temperton
- & Stephen J. Giovannoni
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Letter |
Identification of small RNA pathway genes using patterns of phylogenetic conservation and divergence
To identify comprehensively factors involved in RNAi and microRNA-mediated gene expression regulation, this study performed a phylogenetic analysis of 86 eukaryotic species; the candidates this approach highlighted were subjected to Bayesian analysis with transcriptional and proteomic interaction data, identifying protein orthologues of already known RNAi silencing factors, as well as other hits involved in splicing, suggesting a connection between the two processes.
- Yuval Tabach
- , Allison C. Billi
- & Gary Ruvkun
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News & Views |
Insects converge on resistance
In a remarkable example of convergent evolution, insect species spanning 300 million years of divergence have evolved identical single-amino-acid substitutions that confer resistance to plant cardenolide toxins.
- Noah K. Whiteman
- & Kailen A. Mooney
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Review Article |
Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system
- Craig L. Maynard
- , Charles O. Elson
- & Casey T. Weaver
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Article |
Peroxiredoxins are conserved markers of circadian rhythms
Daily oxidation–reduction cycles of peroxiredoxin proteins are shown to be conserved in all domains of life, including Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota.
- Rachel S. Edgar
- , Edward W. Green
- & Akhilesh B. Reddy
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Letter |
Coevolution in multidimensional trait space favours escape from parasites and pathogens
Although pathogens and parasites have short life cycles that let them evolve rapidly, victims can match or overcome exploiter evolution when coevolution involves multiple traits.
- R. Tucker Gilman
- , Scott L. Nuismer
- & Dwueng-Chwuan Jhwueng
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News & Views |
Arms race in a drop of sea water
Marine cyanobacteria can shrug off viral assault by inactivating the genes involved in virus attachment. But this strategy has a cost: it may affect cell fitness or even favour infection by other viruses. See Article p.604
- Frédéric Partensky
- & Laurence Garczarek
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News |
Moths diversify without changing diet
Ecological niche change isn't the whole story of evolution.
- Emma Marris
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Books & Arts |
Earth systems: Shaped by life
Wolfgang Lucht sees a lesson for humanity's future in the long co-evolution of our planet and its inhabitants.
- Wolfgang Lucht
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Research Highlights |
Plant evolution: Model plant's secret past
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Letter |
Antagonistic coevolution accelerates molecular evolution
The Red Queen hypothesis predicts that coevolution should increase the rate of evolution at the molecular level. Here, genome sequencing in an experimental phage–bacteria system is used to show that this is true, but the effect is concentrated on specific loci, and also that coevolution drives greater diversification of phage populations.
- Steve Paterson
- , Tom Vogwill
- & Michael A. Brockhurst