Atmospheric chemistry articles within Nature

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Observations from the JWST MIRI/LRS show the detection of SO2 spectral features in the 5–12-μm transmission spectrum of the hot, Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b, suggesting that photochemistry is a key process in high-temperature exoplanet atmospheres.

    • Diana Powell
    • , Adina D. Feinstein
    •  & Sergei N. Yurchenko

  • Article |

    The JWST MIRI transmission spectrum of WASP-107b, a transiting planet with Neptune-like mass and Jupiter-like radius, shows observations of sulfur dioxide and silicate clouds but no methane in its atmosphere, providing evidence of disequilibrium chemistry and active photochemistry.

    • Achrène Dyrek
    • , Michiel Min
    •  & Gillian Wright

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Short-lived halogens have a substantial indirect cooling effect on climate and this cooling effect has increased since pre-industrial times owing to anthropogenic amplification of natural halogen emissions.

    • Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
    • , Rafael P. Fernandez
    •  & Jean-François Lamarque

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The detection of thermal emission from the rocky exoplanet TRAPPIST-1 c using the Mid-Infrared Instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope reveals a dayside brightness temperature that disfavours a thick, CO2-rich atmosphere.

    • Sebastian Zieba
    • , Laura Kreidberg
    •  & Gabrielle Suissa

  • Article |

    Analysis of transits of an ultra-hot giant exoplanet reports the precise abundance constraints of 14 major refractory elements, showing distinct deviations from proto-solar, along with a sharp transition temperature at which those elements are depleted.

    • Stefan Pelletier
    • , Björn Benneke
    •  & Julian Stürmer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The dayside thermal emission spectrum and brightness temperature map of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b obtained from the NIRISS instrument on the JWST showed water emission features, an atmosphere consistent with solar metallicity, as well as a steep and symmetrical decrease in temperature towards the nightside.

    • Louis-Philippe Coulombe
    • , Björn Benneke
    •  & Peter J. Wheatley

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Observations from the JWST show the presence of a spectral absorption feature at 4.05 μm arising from SO2 in the atmosphere of the gas giant exoplanet WASP-39b, which is produced by photochemical processes and verified by numerical models.

    • Shang-Min Tsai
    • , Elspeth K. H. Lee
    •  & Sergei N. Yurchenko

  • Article |

    Comparison of model simulations with atmospheric observations from the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes following the 2020 Australian wildfires shows that the wildfire aerosol composition promotes stratospheric chlorine and ozone depletion chemistry.

    • Susan Solomon
    • , Kane Stone
    •  & Peidong Wang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A broad-wavelength 0.5–5.5 µm atmospheric transmission spectrum of WASP-39b, a 1,200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet, demonstrates JWST’s sensitivity to a rich diversity of exoplanet compositions and chemical processes.

    • Z. Rustamkulov
    • , D. K. Sing
    •  & S. Zieba

  • Article |

    Using both bottom-up and top-down approaches, the record high increase in the methane growth rate in 2020 is attributed mainly to emissions from wetlands, which have been exacerbated by a warmer and wetter climate, and to the reduced atmospheric methane sink, in response to emissions reduction of air pollutants during COVID-19 lockdowns.

    • Shushi Peng
    • , Xin Lin
    •  & Philippe Ciais

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Analysis of atmospheric data on two enantiomerically separated forms of monoterpene from a controlled drought and rewetting experiment in an enclosed tropical rainforest ecosystem showed distinct diel emission peaks, regulated by different production pathways.

    • Joseph Byron
    • , Juergen Kreuzwieser
    •  & Jonathan Williams

  • Article |

    An integrated ozone depletion metric indicates the impact of any new emission and provides a useful complementary metric of the impact of specific emissions of an ozone depleting substance for both the scientific and policy communities.

    • John A. Pyle
    • , James Keeble
    •  & Paul T. Griffiths

  • Article
    | Open Access

    By performing experiments under upper tropospheric conditions, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and ammonia can form particles synergistically, at rates orders of magnitude faster than any two of the three components.

    • Mingyi Wang
    • , Mao Xiao
    •  & Neil M. Donahue

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The satellite instrument TROPOMI is used to assess ambient NO2 levels at approximately one-kilometre resolution across 215 cities worldwide during COVID-19 lockdowns, finding about 30% lower NO2 concentrations in countries with strict lockdowns.

    • Matthew J. Cooper
    • , Randall V. Martin
    •  & Chris A. McLinden

  • Article |

    A new framework is proposed for assessing the risks of the atmospheric transformation products of commercial chemicals, combining laboratory and field experiments, advanced techniques for screening suspect chemicals, and in silico modelling.

    • Qifan Liu
    • , Li Li
    •  & John Liggio

  • Article |

    The amount of carbon dioxide released by the Australian wildfires of 2019–2020 is uncertain, but is estimated here using satellite observations of carbon monoxide to be more than twice the amount suggested by fire inventories.

    • Ivar R. van der Velde
    • , Guido R. van der Werf
    •  & Ilse Aben

  • Article |

    Oceanic deposition of wildfire aerosols can enhance marine productivity, as supported here by satellite and in situ profiling floats data showing that emissions from the 2019–2020 Australian wildfires fuelled phytoplankton blooms in the Southern Ocean.

    • Weiyi Tang
    • , Joan Llort
    •  & Nicolas Cassar

  • Article |

    Modelling suggests that the Montreal Protocol may be mitigating climate change by protecting the land carbon sink, as well as by protecting the ozone layer and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

    • Paul J. Young
    • , Anna B. Harper
    •  & Rolando R. Garcia

  • Article |

    Atmospheric concentration measurements at remote sites around the world reveal an accelerated decline in the global mean CFC-11 concentration during 2018 and 2019, reversing recent trends and building confidence in the timely recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer.

    • Stephen A. Montzka
    • , Geoffrey S. Dutton
    •  & Christina Theodoridi

  • Article |

    Observations and air-quality modelling reveal that the sources of particulate matter and oxidative potential in Europe are different, implying that reducing mass concentrations of particulate matter alone may not reduce oxidative potential.

    • Kaspar R. Daellenbach
    • , Gaëlle Uzu
    •  & André S. H. Prévôt

  • Article |

    Isotopic evidence from ice cores indicates that preindustrial-era geological methane emissions were lower than previously thought, suggesting that present-day emissions of methane from fossil fuels are underestimated.

    • Benjamin Hmiel
    • , V. V. Petrenko
    •  & E. Dlugokencky

  • Article |

    This analysis of the exchange of air pollution amongst the contiguous United States finds that, on average, around half of the early deaths caused by a state’s air pollution occurs outside that state, with different contributions by different emission sectors and chemical species.

    • Irene C. Dedoussi
    • , Sebastian D. Eastham
    •  & Steven R. H. Barrett

  • Article |

    Adding reactive gases such as isoprene to mixtures lowers the production of secondary organic aerosol in the atmosphere, thus reducing the atmospheric particulate burden, with implications for human health and climate.

    • Gordon McFiggans
    • , Thomas F. Mentel
    •  & Astrid Kiendler-Scharr

  • Letter |

    Satellite observations reveal over 200 ammonia hotspots associated with agricultural and industrial point sources, which emit much larger quantities of ammonia to the atmosphere than previously thought.

    • Martin Van Damme
    • , Lieven Clarisse
    •  & Pierre-François Coheur

  • Letter |

    Cross-correlation analysis of high-resolution spectra obtained as the exoplanet KELT-9b transited its host star reveals neutral and singly ionized atomic iron and singly ionized atomic titanium in the exoplanet’s atmosphere.

    • H. Jens Hoeijmakers
    • , David Ehrenreich
    •  & Luca Di Fabrizio

  • Letter |

    A detection of helium absorption at 10,833 Å on the exoplanet WASP-107b reveals that its atmosphere is extended and eroding, and demonstrates a new way to study upper exoplanetary atmospheres.

    • J. J. Spake
    • , D. K. Sing
    •  & N. Madhusudhan

  • Letter |

    Modelling results find that the temperature of Pluto’s atmosphere is regulated by haze particles rather than gas molecules, suggesting that Pluto should be brighter than previously thought at mid-infrared wavelengths.

    • Xi Zhang
    • , Darrell F. Strobel
    •  & Hiroshi Imanaka

  • Letter |

    Stacking-disordered ice crystallites are shown to have an ice nucleation rate much higher than predicted by classical nucleation theory, which needs to be taken into account in cloud modelling.

    • Laura Lupi
    • , Arpa Hudait
    •  & Valeria Molinero

  • Letter |

    Ground-based observations during a thunderstorm provide conclusive evidence of positrons being produced after lightning, confirming that lightning can trigger photonuclear reactions.

    • Teruaki Enoto
    • , Yuuki Wada
    •  & Harufumi Tsuchiya

  • Review Article |

    An overview of the nature and timescales of stratospheric ozone recovery and the extent to which it can currently be detected.

    • Martyn P. Chipperfield
    • , Slimane Bekki
    •  & Mark Weber

  • Letter |

    The upper atmosphere above Jupiter’s Great Red Spot—the largest storm in the Solar System—is hundreds of degrees hotter than anywhere else on the planet; the heating must come from below, suggesting coupling between Jupiter’s lower and upper atmospheres, probably the result of upwardly propagating acoustic or gravity waves.

    • J. O’Donoghue
    • , L. Moore
    •  & H. Melin

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