Antigen presentation articles from across Nature Portfolio

Treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with a personalized DNA vaccine in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy was safe and led to encouraging clinical efficacy, with immunological analyses confirming the induction of tumor antigen-specific T cell responses.

Detection of neoepitopes from tumours is time consuming and requires the integration of genomic and/or RNA sequencing expression data. Here, the authors propose a machine learning method to enable direct identification of additional, tumour-specific sequences using mass spectrometry through integration of de novo peptide sequencing scores, MHC class I binding prediction, and peptide retention time prediction.

A study reveals that unique subtypes of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) contribute to diverse functions 53 such as tissue remodeling, immune responses, and anti-tumor CTL responses, challenging current 54 understandings of ILC2 biology.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis dramatically increases the risk of colon cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Our study associates a newly discovered antigen-driven adaptive immune signature with the development of colorectal cancer in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and might help explain the high incidence of colon cancer in those patients.

Using high-resolution proteomics to analyse clinical samples from patients with advanced melanoma, Harel et al. show that the metabolic state of melanoma is associated with changes in antigen presentation-related proteins and thereby with response to immunotherapies.