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Addiction involves loss of control over use of a substance, often in the presence of physiological and psychological dependence on a substance and compulsion to continue seeking and using the substance despite possible negative consequences.
Nicotine withdrawal and anxiety symptoms are overlapping barriers to smoking cessation. We examined the effects of a smoking cessation treatment — noninvasive neuromodulation — on nicotine withdrawal and anxiety symptoms, which revealed information on how neuromodulation can treat substance use disorders.
A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of problematic alcohol use in one million individuals identified 110 risk variants and shows that multi-ancestry polygenic scores improve risk prediction compared with single-ancestry scores
Fentanyl continues to drive the opioid crisis by contributing to >70,000 deaths per year in the US. Here, the authors investigate a candidate medication for fentanyl overdose prevention (monoclonal antibody CSX-1004) demonstrating its mitigation of fentanyl’s effects in preclinical animal models.
In this randomized, crossover study, the authors applied high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or to the visual cortex (V5) in patients with tobacco use disorder to elucidate the underlying cognitive and affective mechanisms of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for smoking cessation.
Nicotine withdrawal and anxiety symptoms are overlapping barriers to smoking cessation. We examined the effects of a smoking cessation treatment — noninvasive neuromodulation — on nicotine withdrawal and anxiety symptoms, which revealed information on how neuromodulation can treat substance use disorders.
Increasing levels of glial-derived neurotrophic factor using a gene-therapy approach in a macaque model of alcohol use disorder resulted in a lower tendency to relapse into alcohol consumption after a period of abstinence.
