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RNA-DamID, a novel approach to detect lncRNA–genome interactions in vivo with high sensitivity and accuracy, demonstrates that the initial targeting of lncRNAs in the Drosophila dosage-compensation complex is cell-type specific.
The APOBEC-AID family of cytidine deaminases target single-stranded nucleic acids for cytidine-to-uridine deamination and can thereby affect DNA repair processes that occur during CRISPR–Cas9-mediated genome editing.
Heterozygous cancer-associated SMARCA4 missense mutations disrupt conserved ATPase surfaces of this chromatin remodeler and alter the open chromatin landscape, thus inducing pro-oncogenic gene expression.
Cryo-EM structures of nucleosomes in partially unwrapped, transient states reveal intrinsic plasticity that is required for nucleosome stability and can be exploited by chromatin-remodeling factors.
Real-time FRET analyses and biochemical assays reveal that Rad51 recombinase promotes DNA strand exchange via two distinct three-strand intermediate states.
The cryo-EM structure of the human INO80 chromatin-remodeling complex reveals the architecture of the complex centered around a RUVBL1–2 AAA+ heterohexamer.
Ultrastructural analysis of nuclear membrane topology and assembling NPCs reveals how mitotic cells can rapidly establish a closed nuclear compartment while at the same time making it transport competent.
Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is the scaffold protein that is essential for the assembly and function of HDL particles. A structural model for monomeric, lipid-free apoA-I, based on previous and new data, is now presented.
The cGAS-STING cytoplasmic-DNA-sensing pathway is activated by accumulation of extrachromosomal telomere repeats, and this proliferation-inhibition mechanism is defective in ALT cancer cells.
During transcription initiation, Ssl2, the dsDNA translocase of TFIIH, opens a 6-bp DNA bubble, suggesting a two-step model wherein Ssl2 triggers a 6-bp open complex that RNA polymerase II expands via NTP-dependent RNA transcription.
Although deadenylation induces translational inhibition and mRNA decay, well-expressed transcripts are now shown to possess short, well-defined poly(A) tails, suggesting that pruned tails may be ideal for protective and translational functions.
Cryo-EM analyses of human TRPML3 reveal this channel in three different states—closed, agonist-activated and low-pH-inhibited—and suggest mechanisms for regulation.
Engineering an LCK mutant, in which an active-site lysine is replaced by a photocaged equivalent via genetic code expansion, allows quantitation of phosphorylation kinetics in situ and provides insights into LCK activation dynamics.
Disrupting the interaction between telomere protein TRF1 with meiosis-specific protein TERB1 impairs the pairing of X and Y chromosomes via their telomere-adjacent pseudoautosomal regions in pachytene, leading to spermatocyte apoptosis and male infertility in mice.
Structural and functional analyses of human TRF1 in complex with meiosis-specific protein TERB1 reveal the basis for telomere tethering to the inner nuclear membrane and offer insight into the mechanism of dissociation in late pachytene.
Abnormal pre-60S particles are able to escape nuclear quality control and join mature 40S subunits to catalyze cytoplasmic protein synthesis, but the resulting translation defects trigger the cytoplasmic surveillance machineries RQC and the Ski-exosome.
Biochemical and cellular analyses reveal that the helicase activity of DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) antagonizes RPA to promote DNA strand annealing and double-strand break repair via alt-NHEJ in mouse ES cells.
Biochemical reconstitution of PRC2 interactions with chromatinized templates demonstrates that protein-free linker DNA dominates the PRC2-nucleosome interaction, while RNA inhibits binding.