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COVID-19 has had a substantial effect on patients with kidney stones, such as delays in care and increased anxiety and use of opioids. Mitigating these effects in the future could involve an online physician-based discussion as a part of the overall treatment strategy to help patients with their queries, apprehensions and ultimately their decision-making.
Radiotherapy is one of the most effective modalities for cancer treatment, but radiation-associated secondary malignancies are important potential morbidities. Here, we highlight a recent article that examines radiation-associated muscle-invasive bladder cancer and explore how we as clinicians should consider the management of secondary malignancies.
Evidence for the existence of racial disparities in semen parameters is increasing, exemplified by a recent study in men from white, Black and Asian populations. However, reference standards for semen parameters might not account for these disparities.
A new phase I clinical trial has demonstrated that belzutifan provides a route to sustained inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α in humans that is well tolerated and could be useful in the treatment of advanced clear cell kidney cancer.
Exercise improves outcomes in prostate cancer, but the mechanisms behind this are poorly understood. This Review discusses exercise-induced blood alterations, with a focus on muscle-secreted myokines, which could have both direct and indirect effects on tumour proliferation.
Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in other tumour types, the majority of ICI-treated patients with bladder cancer fail to respond. This lack of efficacy might be attributable to a lack of pre-existing immune reactive cells within the tumour immune microenvironment, which limits the efficacy of ICI. In this Review, Li and colleagues discuss how oncolytic virus therapy acts as a strategy to attract lymphocytes before implementation of ICI and consider the data supporting the use of combination approaches using oncolytic virotherapy with ICI in bladder cancer.
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy for prostate cancer has the potential to be combined with other treatment modalities, such as androgen deprivation therapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy; furthermore, new developments could improve the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and this treatment could also be applied as focal therapy for this disease.
