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Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this Perspective, the authors describe the timeline of advances in treating MIBC, including radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection, the creation of increasingly sophisticated urinary diversions, use of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, bladder-sparing protocols, and immunotherapy.
Despite improved understanding of the neural anatomy and advances in surgical techniques, erectile dysfunction remains a common sequela of radical prostatectomy. In this Timeline, leading experts in the field look back at the history of penile rehabilitation after prostatectomy, and discuss the limitations and future perspectives of proposed treatments.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most lethal of the common urological cancers, and is increasing in incidence globally. Bhatt and Finelli present a Timeline of landmarks in four centuries of research and treatment of RCC, the most common renal cancer, discussing current therapies and future prospects.
Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer represents 75% of primary diagnoses and is characterized by frequent recurrence but a low risk of mortality. In this Timeline article, Mertens and colleagues discuss landmark events in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
BPH is one of the most common lower urinary tract diseases that predominantly affects men of advanced age. This Timeline article highlights the pivotal advances in BPH treatment (surgical and medical) from the late 19th century to the present day.
