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New research reveals that ferritin has an essential role in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-mediated inflammation, and suggests that NETs or the ferritin receptor MSR1 could be targeted for the treatment of adult-onset Still disease.
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) modulates the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in a mouse model of Sjögren syndrome and is a potential therapeutic target.
New research shows that combining a hydrogel with nanozymes to modify the hypoxic, inflammatory joint environment in rheumatoid arthritis enables stem cells to promote osseointegration.
Lipid nanoparticles loaded with type II collagen and rapamycin can induce antigen-specific regulatory T cell responses and alleviate disease in a mouse model of osteoarthritis.
An analysis of blood gene-expression signatures in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has identified several patterns of expression, some of which are associated with disease activity and features such as the response to rituximab.
A novel strategy for the repair of articular cartilage involves converting fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage by modifying the cytoskeleton of fibrotic chondrocytes.
A calcium-binding peptide derived from fetuin-A inhibited pathological cartilage calcification in an experimental model of osteoarthritis, suggesting therapeutic potential.
New evidence from animal models and human studies suggests that mammalian target of rapamycin has a role in the pathophysiology of Still’s disease and macrophage activation syndrome.
Successful, long-term treatment of articular cartilage injuries is important for the prevention of osteoarthritis but remains a major challenge. Three studies in 2022 highlight new approaches to improving articular cartilage regeneration.
In 2022, advances in the prediction of the response to treatment in rheumatoid arthritis resulted from gene-expression profiling in synovial biopsy samples, assessment of the expression of interferon-response genes in the blood, and the application of machine learning to patients’ clinical parameters and genetic variance.
Although elegant work has detailed the clinical presentation, immune response and disease outcome of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, many questions remain. Studies in 2022 have explored the nature of the vascular injury, the role of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the association with the current variants of the virus.
Janus kinase inhibitors continue to show promise in a diverse range of indications, but administration of these drugs needs careful consideration of the benefits and risks. Among a plethora of publications in 2022, notable studies explored an important new indication and provided insights into safety concerns.
Electronic health records (EHRs) contain enormous amounts of real-world data that could inform researchers, doctors and patients about many aspects of rheumatology. However, EHRs are not yet fully utilized, mainly because automatic data extraction is difficult. Several studies in 2022 highlight the feasibility and clinical utility of computer-assisted EHR analysis.
Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign, our knowledge of the effects of vaccines in people with inflammatory rheumatic diseases has remained incomplete. In particular, the effects of immunomodulatory therapies on vaccine success are poorly understood. Three notable papers from the past year have helped to fill these knowledge gaps.
Bone regeneration is a dynamic and tightly regulated process, but various mechanisms can disrupt this process and cause healing impairment. This Review discusses the complex processes that occur during the early phases that might be targeted to prevent bone healing disorders.
Methotrexate is commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. In this Review, the authors discuss the potential hepatotoxicity of methotrexate, with particular consideration of the role of chronic liver disease, and suggest screening and monitoring strategies for patients receiving methotrexate.
In this Review, the authors discuss vascular involvement in Behçet syndrome and how the unusual pathogenesis involving an impaired immune-inflammatory response influences the treatment approach, which differs from that of other vasculitides.
