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In this Review, Cutolo et al. provide an overview of the vitamin D endocrine system and explore the biological and clinical effects of vitamin D3 on innate and adaptive immunity in the context of autoimmune rheumatic diseases and COVID-19.
Among the limited quality and quantity of evidence on vaccination use in individuals with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, a new guideline, developed with a rigorous methodology, provides useful support to clinicians and patients in making health-related decisions. Most recommendations are conditional, serving as a call to action for further research.
In a large cohort of patients with psoriasis, treatment with biologic DMARDs targeting the IL-23 pathway was associated with a reduced risk of developing inflammatory arthritis as compared with anti-TNF treatment.
Osteoarthritis has many appearances and can stabilize or progress aggressively. However, there is not yet an aetiological classification of osteoarthritis subtypes. Can in silico approaches, despite difficulties in validation, help with the identification of experimentally challenging subtypes? And if they can, will these approaches translate to clinical benefits?
The involvement of citrulline-specific CD4+ T cells in anti-citrulline protein antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well described, whereas less attention has been given to CD8+ T cells. New data suggest that CD8+ T cells also contribute to citrulline-specific immune responses in RA.
This Review summarizes the genetic and epigenetic basis of primary Sjögren syndrome, including genetic interactions with factors such as sex and environment. Understanding these processes provides insight into the molecular basis of this disease and might reveal new treatment targets.
Protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A is a negative modulator of transforming growth factor β signalling and a potential new therapeutic target in osteoarthritis.
Results indicate that prophylactic use of co-trimoxazole can reduce infection-related mortality in patients with new-onset anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis.
Expression of the Na+-K+-ATPase transmembrane ion transporter is upregulated in kidney-infiltrating B cells in lupus-prone mice and is a potential target for reducing renal B cell survival in patients with lupus nephritis.
A newly developed nanobody that simultaneously targets TNF and IL-6 has greater efficacy than individual targeting in rheumatoid arthritis disease-relevant preclinical models.
Neutrophil extracellular trap proteins trigger an accelerated form of osteoclastogenesis that is enhanced by the presence of carbamylated proteins and is linked to bone erosion.
A panel of serum biomarkers identified by proteomic analysis outperforms the best current alternatives for prediction of the progression of osteoarthritis.
Allogeneic transplantation of cartilage organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells promoted cartilage repair in a primate model without eliciting immune reactions.
Autoantibodies against rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related peptides present in joints can be detected in the serum of patients with early RA using a multiplex immunoassay.
A new study identifies proteinase 3 as an important driver of granuloma formation in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and points to potential therapeutic approaches.
Analyses of data from the Danish national patient register show that diabetes mellitus increases the risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
