In this Review, the authors discuss the unique neurological health disparities faced by sexual and gender minority (LGBT+) people. The Review presents clinical considerations alongside language and practice recommendations to promote inclusive care, and highlights the gaps in need of further research.

Post-traumatic epilepsy is a major driver of disability associated with traumatic brain injury. This article reviews the epidemiology and clinical features of post-traumatic epilepsy and discusses how an understanding of the underlying epileptogenic mechanisms might inform the development of anti-epileptogenic medications.

Various neurostimulation techniques are being explored for the treatment of physical impairments in people with stroke. This Review summarizes our current knowledge of the techniques that are now in clinical use or have reached the stage of pivotal trials alongside emerging techniques and highlights the need for further studies.

Since its instigation in cancer research in the 1930s, the disease-staging concept has become a crucial tool in clinical research and medical practice. Two new papers have proposed biological staging and classification systems based on α-synuclein pathology for Parkinson disease and related conditions.

Two new studies show that clearance of waste, including pathogenic amyloid, through the glymphatic system is driven by synchronized neuronal activity.

Nature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with neurosurgeon Sonia Mejía Pérez from Mexico about her work to address gaps in hospital care for individuals from minority groups, such as LGBT+ people.

Findings of phase III trials of the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor evobrutinib in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis were recently presented at the ACTRIMS Forum.

New data recently reported at the ACTRIMS Forum add to growing evidence of an aetiological role for Epstein–Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis.

This month, Nature Reviews Neurology launches a Series to highlight the importance of diversity, equity and inclusion in the neurology community and in neurological care to address health disparities and thereby to improve global brain health.

Nature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with stroke neurologist Nirali Vora from the USA about her work to build neurology capacity in low and middle-income countries.