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New technologies promise to decipher whole-brain connectivity at a much greater resolution than ever before. Here, Lichtman, Livet and Sanes, the creators of Brainbow, critically assess the applications and challenges of this technology and those of other existing and emerging technologies.
Our understanding of the functional roles of presynaptic glutamate receptors continues to grow. Pinheiro and Mulle capture the current state of this knowledge, describing the modes and mechanisms of action of these receptors and the evidence for their contributions to synaptic transmission.
Polymorphisms in the genes that encode neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and its receptor ErbB4 have been associated with schizophrenia. Mei and Xiong review the role of NRG1 signalling in neural development and synaptic plasticity and discuss how alterations in NRG1 signalling might contribute to schizophrenia.
Fowler and colleagues review the pathways and neurotransmitters in the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system that regulate the lower urinary tract, and discuss how disruption of the control of micturition leads to incontinence.
Heekeren and colleagues review neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies of monkeys and humans making perceptual decisions, highlighting both the similarities and the differences in their decision-making processes and providing a new model for the neural architecture that underlies perceptual decision making in humans.
A growing field of neuroscience aims to understand how immune responses can promote CNS repair. Popovich and Longbrake discuss current approaches to manipulate neuroimmune interactions and give their opinion on the challenges ahead.
