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Dendritic arbors are shaped by adhesion-molecule interactions between developing dendrites and the extracellular environment that are transduced by dendritic mechanosensitive channels into local calcium transients.
A new study shows that α-synuclein can interact with protein components of membraneless organelles involved in mRNA metabolism, and that such interactions may have relevance in Parkinson disease.
What’s the point of public engagement? Why can’t we just be neuroscience researchers? In this Comment I will argue that communicating our science is a key aspect of being a neuroscientist and that our science can be enriched by this.
When anticipating a threat, many animals ‘freeze’, becoming temporarily immobile. Roelofs and Dayan argue that this response enables the coordination of cognitive and somatic processes that prepare the animal for action and describe how CNS, autonomic and sensorimotor activity must be integrated to regulate freezing.
In this Review, Panzeri, Moroni, Safaai and Harvey explain how the levels and structures of correlations among the activity of neurons in a population shape information encoding, transmission and readout, and describe how future research could determine how the structures of correlations are optimized.
Comparisons of real networks with null models enable researchers to test how statistically unexpected a particular network feature is. In this Review, Váša and Mišić describe different null-model approaches and instantiations, as well as their emerging uses and limitations.
Hippocampal inhibitory interneurons shape memory formation and storage through cell type-specific mechanisms. In this review, Topolnik and Tamboli discuss how soma-targeting, dendrite-targeting and interneuron-targeting interneurons may specialize in supporting hippocampal oscillations, synaptic plasticity and memory processes.
Pathological forms of amyloid proteins, such as tau and α-synuclein, are thought to drive neurodegeneration. Li and Liu describe how techniques that reveal high-resolution protein structures can provide insight into polymorphic amyloid fibril formation and the relationships between amyloid protein conformation and disease.
A population of spinal interneurons that express prokineticin receptor 2 is needed in mice for the rewarding, antistress and prosocial effects of pleasant touch.
Neuronal activity in a key region of the mouse hypothalamus modulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis, promoting the formation of adult-born neurons that support cognition and affective function.
In rodents, absence seizures — a prominent manifestation of generalized epilepsy — drive activity-dependent myelination in the corpus callosum, increase interhemispheric synchrony and drive increases in seizure burden over time.
In this Comment, Linzie Taylor and Karen Rommelfanger argue that white Western individualist bias is impeding progress in neuroscience and present a relational rubric of principles to mitigate this bias.
In this Review, Bradley, Nydam, Dux and Mattingley explore state-dependent variations in brain activity and behaviour with brain stimulation. They focus on transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial electrical stimulation and several domains — conscious state, attention and working memory.
Various theories have been developed for the biological and physical basis of consciousness. In this Review, Anil Seth and Tim Bayne discuss four prominent theoretical approaches to consciousness, namely higher-order theories, global workspace theories, re-entry and predictive processing theories and integrated information theory.
Macroautophagy involves the delivery of various macromolecules and organelles to lysosomes for degradation. In this Review, Christopher Griffey and Ai Yamamoto provide an overview of this intracellular process and consider its modulation under physiological conditions and in brain disorders.
