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Imaging flow cytometry combines the high-event-rate nature of flow cytometry with single-cell image acquisition associated with microscopy. In this Primer, Rees et al. discuss the typical imaging flow instrumentation, the type of data acquired and how to analyse them.
Electrochemical water splitting using renewable electricity is a promising method for the sustainable production of hydrogen. This Primer overviews considerations, techniques and methods for water electrolysis and describes methods to improve rigour and reproducibility when analysing electrochemical data.
Holographic microscopy is based on collecting holograms, patterns of dark and light fringes, and analysing them to obtain information about the specimen’s properties. This Primer introduces in-line holographic microscopy, with a focus on three analysis methods: generative modelling, machine learning and hybrid approaches.
This PrimeView highlights the instrumentation for optical coherence tomography (OCT) in clinical settings, with an emphasis on Fourier domain OCT, spectral domain OCT and circular OCT.
Optical coherence tomography can be used as a conventional microscope, ophthalmic scanner or endoscope. In this Primer, Bouma et al. outline the instrumentation and data processing in obtaining topological and internal microstructure information from samples in three dimensions.
The combination of single-cell RNA sequencing with metabolic RNA labelling enables a time-resolved view of transcriptional responses in individual cells. In this Primer, Erhard and Saliba et al. discuss metabolic labelling approaches and how to assess the temporal dynamics of transcriptional responses in different conditions.
Ocean biogeochemical models use coupled differential equations to describe the transformation of the ocean’s circulation, physical and biogeochemical properties under different conditions. This Primer introduces the process of model construction and explains the characteristics of various model types, from simple to complex, alongside their advantages and disadvantages.
In-depth interviews are a versatile form of qualitative data collection used by researchers across the social sciences. In this Primer, Knott et al. describe the stages and challenges involved in designing and conducting interviews, how to analyse the data and strategies to overcome challenges.
This PrimeView highlights electrochemical carbon capture techniques for application in point source capture, direct air capture and direct ocean capture.
Electrochemical methods of CO2 separation offer potentially cheap, low-energy, scalable carbon capture technologies. In this Primer, Diederichsen et al. provide an overview of the experimentation and analysis needed for the study of electrochemical methods for CO2 separation.
This PrimeView outlines the main steps involved in two-photon calcium imaging in rodents using genetically encoded calcium indicators or chemical indicators.
Two-photon calcium imaging is a technique used for recording neuronal activity in the brain. In this Primer, Grienberger et al. outline the experimental design and execution of two-photon calcium imaging, providing examples of ideal preparations and how data are analysed.
Contributory citizen science is a method in which non-professional participants contribute to data collection in whole or in part to advance scientific research. This Primer outlines the use of citizen science in the environmental and ecological sciences, discussing participant engagement, data quality assurance and bias correction.
