Volume 20 Issue 7, July 2022

An in vitro study shows that the nuclear lamina regulates Epstein–Barr virus latency and viral gene expression.

Experimental evolution experiments show that antibiotic resistance development decreases thermal tolerance and niche breadth.

A recent study shows that chemotaxis shapes the microscale organization of the ocean’s microbiome.

A study in mice shows that antibiotic treatment predisposes to invasive fungal infection through gut dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction.

This study used engineered bacteria to record the transcriptional responses of transiting bacteria in the gut environment.

A study looking at the Tibetan Plateau finds that microbial shifts might contribute to irreversible soil degradation.

This study shows that upon urinary tract infections, uropathogenic Escherichia coli persist and subsequently adapt to the distinct physiological conditions encountered in the gastrointestinal and urinary environments.

This Genome Watch highlights recently reported methods that enable genome editing of microorganisms within phylogenetically diverse communities.

Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone that arises when a pathogen colonizes bone tissue owing to injury or surgery. In this Review, Masters and colleagues explore the microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management of bone infections.

The ocean is home to a diverse and metabolically versatile microbial community that performs the complex biochemical transformations that drive the nitrogen cycle. In this Review, Hutchins and Capone explore the latest developments in our understanding of the role of microorganisms in the marine nitrogen cycle, including new taxa, pathways, methods and concepts. They also discuss opportunities to understand and better predict the effects of humans and global change.

Soil microorganisms shape global element cycles in life and death. In this Review, Sokol and colleagues explore how the biogeochemical cycling of organic matter depends on both living and dead soil microorganisms, their functional traits, and their interactions with the soil matrix and other organisms. They also discuss incorporating microbial life and death into trait-based models that predict soil biogeochemical dynamics.

We take up a multitude of foreign substances, so called xenobiotics, such as medications, food additives and pollutants, which affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota. In this Review, Lindell, Zimmermann-Kogadeeva and Patil discuss these reciprocal interactions and their mechanisms.