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The integrative environment-health sciences including One Health, Conservation Medicine, EcoHealth and Planetary Health embody the transdisciplinary synthesis needed to understand the multitude of factors that underpin emerging infections and their management. Future successes in confronting and resolving the complex causal basis of disease emergence to generate robust, systems-oriented risk reduction strategies that preserve both human health as well as promoting sustainable futures represent the ‘Moon Shot’ for the integrative environment-health sciences.
A recent study found that prior infections enhance colonization resistance through a process whereby the host, prompted by transient infection, deploys the sulfonic acid taurine as a nutrient to train the gut microbiota and provide resistance to subsequent infections.
This study shows that a large proportion of bacterial species in soil communities possess the enzymes to use inorganic energy sources such as trace gases.
This study provides evidence that an antisense RNA antitoxin is involved in persister cell formation by inhibiting transcription of a toxin and by inhibiting global translation.
This study provides structural insights into how the rotavirus spike protein VP4 undergoes a conformational change to initiate host membrane disruption during infection.
This month’s Genome Watch highlights the genomic traits underlying the ancestral association between endobacteria, which live inside arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which reside within plants.
In this Review, Shi and colleagues summarize the exceptional amount of research that has characterized acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since this virus has swept around the globe. They discuss what we know so far about the emergence and virology of SARS-CoV-2 and the pathogenesis and treatment of COVID-19.
In this Review, Thiel and colleagues discuss the key aspects of coronavirus biology and their implications for SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as for treatment and prevention strategies.
In this Review, Vandenberg et al. explore the crucial role of diagnostic tests during the first global wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the technical and implementation problems encountered during the early phase of the pandemic, and they define future directions for the progressive and better use of diagnostics during a possible resurgence of COVID-19 in future global waves or regional outbreaks.
In this Review, Weaver and colleagues discuss the role of genetic drift following population bottlenecks and founder effects in mosquito-borne arboviral evolution and spread, and the emergence of human disease, focusing on chikungunya virus and Zika virus.
The fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which causes white-nose syndrome in bats, has devastated bat populations in North America since its introduction from Eurasia in the 2000s. In this Review, Hoyt and colleagues describe the ecology of P. destructans in bats and its impacts on bats and the ecosystem.
In this Perspective, Su, Du and Jiang discuss lessons from previous vaccine development efforts for other viruses and how the mechanisms of vaccine-associated disease enhancement seen in some viral infections can inform the development of a safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccine.