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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has seen a notable global reduction in influenza cases of both influenza A and B viruses. In particular, the B/Yamagata lineage has not been isolated from April 2020 to August 2021, suggesting that this influenza lineage may have become extinct, which may provide opportunities for improving availability and effectiveness of influenza vaccines.
The authors of this study designed a novel therapeutic class of antimicrobials in which they optimized drug binding and permeation of the drug through bacterial membrane transporters simultaneously.
This month’s Under the Lens discusses how recent advances in understanding the spatial integration of transcription and splicing sites have shed light on the mechanism that ensures monogenic antigen expression in trypanosomes.
There is considerable variability in antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which can pose challenges for treatment of infection and antimicrobial resistance development. In this Review, Holmes and colleagues discuss how precision antimicrobial therapy, including biosensors and individualized treatment, can contribute to antimicrobial stewardship.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is ordinarily controlled by a vigorous immune response; however, HCMV can replicate to high levels and cause end organ disease when the immune system is compromised. In this Review, Griffiths and Reeves discuss HCMV pathogenesis in immunocompromised individuals and emerging strategies to treat and prevent infection and disease.
Hypoxic environments in which anaerobes dwell experience episodic oxygenation, which can be toxic to these organisms, yet many anaerobes have the capacity to tolerate substantial levels of oxygen. In this Review, Lu and Imlay explore the molecular mechanisms by which oxygen impairs anaerobic bacteria and the degree to which anaerobic bacteria protect themselves from oxidative stress.
In this Review, Hancock, Alford and Haney discuss how the complex functional attributes of host defence peptides provide many opportunities for the development of antimicrobial therapeutics, focusing on their emerging antibiofilm properties.
