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This paper shows that sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) promotes the regenerative capacity of aged haematopoietic stem cells by driving a regulatory branch of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response.
Two studies show that protein fusions of deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) with histone remodellers can be used to characterize enhancers, and alter epigenetic marks and gene expression.
A prophetic theoretical article, which hypothesized that ribosomes have regulatory roles in controlling gene expression, inspired Maria Barna to rethink the value of purely theoretical scientific publications.
Advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics are enabling the multidimensional analysis of protein properties such as abundance, localization, post-translational modifications and interactions for thousands of proteins. Complemented by new tools for data analysis and integration, these advances are transforming our understanding of various biological processes.
RAF family kinases, which were first described over 30 years ago, primarily act as signalling relays downstream of RAS. Key mechanistic and structural studies are shaping our view of how RAF proteins and RAF-related pseudokinases are regulated; they also highlight the mechanisms underlying pathological RAF signalling and the unforeseen limitations of RAF inhibitors.
Somatic stem cells are responsible for tissue maintenance and repair throughout life. Studies on blood, skin and intestinal epithelium have revealed that multiple types of stem cells with distinct roles perform such regenerative functions. Moreover, stem cells have greater developmental flexibility than had previously been appreciated under stress conditions such as acute injury.
How endocytic pits are formed in clathrin- and caveolin-independent endocytosis remains poorly understood. However, recent insight suggests that different forms of clathrin-independent endocytosis might involve the actin-driven focusing of membrane constituents, the lectin–glycosphingolipid-dependent construction of endocytic nanoenvironments and the use of Bin–Amphiphysin–Rvs (BAR) domain proteins as scaffolding modules.
Aaron Ciechanover describes the discovery of the ubiquitin system and the analysis of its components using a 'classical' biochemical approach. These findings, which were published in a relatively modest journal, would prove to be ground-breaking.
