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Despite the crucial roles of Hedgehog signalling in development and tissue regeneration, aspects of the Hedgehog signalling mechanism have been uncovered only recently. These studies reveal a central role for lipids in the Hedgehog signal activity, and provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of modulating Hedgehog signalling in tissue regeneration.
R-loops (three-stranded RNA–DNA structures) are often associated with transcription defects, DNA damage and genome instability, but ‘regulatory’ R-loops can promote gene regulation, telomere stability and DNA repair. This dual functionality of R-loops requires tight control of their formation, location and timely removal.
