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Neurological symptoms are increasingly being observed in patients with COVID-19; this Comment article considers whether cross-reactive antibodies might contribute to the pathology associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A population of meningeal γδ T cells regulates anxiety-like behaviour and threat avoidance in mice through IL-17a production, which signals to neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex.
This Web Watch introduces the VaC tracker, a web resource that features an overview of the COVID-19 ‘vaccine landscape’, a clinical trials database and a ‘living review’ that distils the results of vaccine trials as they become available.
T cells play a central role in immune responses to cancer. In this guide to cancer immunotherapy, the authors provide a comprehensive historical and biological perspective on cancer immunotherapy, with a focus on current and emerging therapeutic approaches that harness T cells to fight cancer.
The clinical activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4)/CDK6 inhibitors has largely been attributed to their capacity to block the proliferation of tumour cells, but increasing evidence discussed in this Review suggests that these inhibitors also have immunomodulatory effects that promote antitumour immune responses.
Co-inhibitory receptor signalling — through CTLA4, LAG3, PD1, TIGIT, NRP1 and TIM3 — controls the function and stability of regulatory T cells in autoimmunity and cancer and could therefore be amenable to therapeutic targeting.
Clonal expansion is no longer only the preserve of adaptive lymphocytes. Innate lymphocytes, in particular natural killer cells, also undergo clonal expansion in response to infection. Here, the authors compare and contrast this process for adaptive and innate lymphocytes.
How does the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells in unexposed individuals change our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic? In this Perspective, the authors provide a thought experiment to explain why the discovery of cross-reactive T cells may affect disease severity in individuals, but is unlikely to change our estimate of the herd immunity threshold.