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Leukaemia stem cells seem to evade immune surveillance by repressing the expression of stress-induced activating natural killer (NK) cell ligands. Overriding this repression with inhibitors renders them amenable to control by NK cells and prevents leukaemogenesis.
Cytosolic protein oligomers formed by certain innate immune receptors and their adaptor proteins trigger the integrated stress response pathway, which regulates the stability of these signalosomes as well as downstream inflammatory responses.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that secrete bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) show promise for the treatment of glioblastoma in mouse models.
Researchers have identified a subset of T helper cells that is found predominantly in individuals with multiple sclerosis. The subset is defined by expression of GM-CSF and CXCR4 and may be important in disease pathology.
Stimulation of cutaneous TRPV1+ neurons is sufficient to induce a type 17 inflammatory response that spreads to surrounding skin areas to provide ‘anticipatory’ host defence against fungal infection.
Metabolites associated with the maternal or neonatal microbiota can shape regulatory T cell development in early life, thereby affecting the susceptibility of infants to allergy.
In this Review, Greg Lemke explains how macrophages are able to sense and respond to dead and dying cells. The author discusses the physiological implications of such macrophage activity.
Vaccine trials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are showing encouraging results. This Review discusses current Mtb vaccine design in the light of new insights into the immunology of tuberculosis infection.
Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on the immune system. In this Review, Janet Lord and colleagues discuss the evidence that exercise can prevent diseases associated with ageing by protecting against immunosenescence.
This Review describes how the body attempts to maintain a functional T cell compartment with advancing age. It explores whether T cell ageing reflects cellular senescence or the failure to maintain quiescence and instead undergo differentiation.
Tuft cells captured the attention of immunologists with recent discoveries linking them to type 2 immunity in the small intestine. As described here, these rare secretory epithelial cells act as chemosensory sentinels that detect and relay responses through immune and neuronal cells.
