Browse Articles

A population of interferon-stimulated neutrophils can predict the success of immunotherapy outcomes in various cancers.

This Review provides an updated assessment of the expanding family of T cell-activating bacterial superantigens, emphasizing potential roles of these toxins in various disease states as well as their contribution to the evolution of the bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

A preprint by Kwok et al. describes the identification of common neojunction-derived antigens that could serve as targets for ‘off the shelf’ vaccines or adoptive cell therapies for patients with various types of cancer.

Considering immune responses through the framework of ‘integrated organ immunity’ could enable the design of a new class of universal vaccines.

The failure of T cell-targeted vaccines for HIV in clinical trials is likely due to impaired degranulation of low-avidity CD8⁺ T cells in the context of low levels of antigen presentation.

In this Comment article, the authors alert us to recent studies of ancient DNA that advance our understanding of the origins of autoimmune disease, providing evidence that our disease risk has been shaped by pathogen-driven evolution.

A study published in Immunity shows that the mechanical force experienced by neutrophils migrating across endothelial barriers arms them for better bactericidal activity.

Genetic variants are identified in humans and viruses that influence the development of multiple sclerosis by shaping protective natural killer cell responses.

A study in Nature Biotechnology investigated context-specific host–microorganisms interactions by using spatial transcriptomics to profile gene expression of host and microbial genes simultaneously.

This Review from Wolfgang Kastenmüller and colleagues highlights the heterogeneity that exists among lymph nodes at different anatomical locations. The authors consider the factors that contribute to lymph node heterogeneity and explain the relevance of this for the immune response, particularly in the contexts of vaccination and cancer.

This Review from Wellford and Moseman considers the unique immunology of the olfactory mucosa. The authors describe how stromal cells, innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells cooperate to defend the olfactory mucosa, protecting the host from potentially serious respiratory or neurotropic infections. They also discuss the relevance of olfactory mucosal immunology for the fields of vaccination and neurodegeneration.

The induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance is considered the 'holy grail' of disease management for autoimmunity and organ transplantation. Are we getting any closer to this goal? Here, the authors update us on the current progress and challenges to the therapeutic induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance.

Inhibition of adrenergic receptors following a traumatic brain injury reduces cerebral oedema and inflammation by restoring fluid efflux through the glymphatic and lymphatic systems.

A new mouse model of sleep deprivation reveals a potent pathway by which sleep-related changes in prostaglandin D₂ in the central nervous system can affect the peripheral immune system.

Zhang et al. describe a nuclear function for STING1 in driving AHR activation, which competes with the canonical cGAS–STING signalling pathway.

A preprint by Fast et al. describes TAPIR, a computational tool for predicting TCR–pMHC interactions.

A preprint by Faust et al. determines mechanisms of crosstalk between adipocytes and fibroblasts in the joint relevant to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

In this Review, Butterfield and Najjar discuss the rationale for combination strategies in cancer, including combinations of different immunotherapies and combinations of immunotherapies with other types of therapies. Moreover, they examine the evolution of biomarker approaches to guide such therapies.

A preprint by Dhariwala et al. reports that monocytes in the skin of newborn mice suppress microbiota-driven inflammatory responses by sequestering IL-1 to prevent T cell activation.

In this Review, Liston et al. discuss the biology of regulatory T cells (T_reg cells) in the brain. They consider how T_reg cells are recruited to the brain and their anti-inflammatory and reparative functions in brain tissue. Finally, they highlight the potential for targeting brain T_reg cells to treat a range of neurological diseases.